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新概念笔记 (2--4)册

新概念笔记 (2--4)册

二册.
/ k, j- V" c+ Q, o" e5 J/ O0 |$ Z* x9 c) F
ones----复数代‘多个’
4 \& T- `# X6 a0 ~one--- --单数代‘一个’$ \6 D! T% s* m, Q& S& T8 f

& z; C8 m, O) L1 D+ n/ a: EI am thirsty for,,,,,,,,,,,,,
% e  G( f5 {, \! w4 a7 MI am hungry for,,,,,,,,,,,,/ d, E, p: p3 M- T0 P6 r
" H  \3 t: m* e8 D6 v4 h6 o
The ghost haunt(visit)------闹鬼. c* u& X) b' [0 Y6 |. |9 U
The ghost haunted the house./  It is haunted./ U9 o7 u: Y+ [! Q5 c: q
+ e2 j: O" R" O% M3 R3 K  g; d: w
The pipe is blocked.下水道堵住
/ L* X" x5 M/ S) [& { * G2 S7 V5 a2 o* I$ X1 I
a piece of furniture  
) f4 ?$ D+ V$ [$ [" \a set of furniture6 h3 O, G7 w2 @& `; F* U$ Z
' R  [/ K$ ^( Z) \, f
scotch----一种上等的whisky
) [8 o) P% W. \5 b, A1 gbrandy---比较烈的酒. ?  f( U3 E3 I, h% d( M
6 i" _+ u3 R0 Z% w  l7 G# Q
suggest+that ............
/ a" h. D; h- h# d/ D; Nsuggest+doing
! G+ G6 T/ U, W; d6 V1 g; @$ v! Q6 M9 I1 l% ~
accept-------receive sth with pleasure7 b$ U. F4 `8 e1 }5 m

* D3 Q, e, ?. g(up) for sale----有待出售$ v) ?4 l: m; y, b0 l3 M- b

: ]2 W' O( t9 L9 Hup for----有待于
6 y) a2 x& [" q1 a" J; ~This issue is up for discussion.
3 ^: P* |' Y2 @* o$ z  M) K/ c8 q2 n4 Q8 i& X! l
the week before  前一个星期9 p0 a, X5 ], M& |$ }* Q
the night before前天, v2 |. v# S+ Z  L; P$ @
the year before前年  l  y4 Z$ h' D# H) _
the next day 后天: P! z& ?; Q4 B. ~4 n' H7 l

) {4 C* b% R. ~1 t5 x* p6 m, Fgive away----捐献,免费的送( Q8 u  ?0 Y8 P( h9 B' E
9 K/ o2 m# x9 o  |" h2 ?- S, E
should----情态时,表 ‘应该’
7 T! L+ g' ^% C" g1 lDon't pull my leg anymore.-------不要开玩笑了
( {% W; N2 f8 G3 }$ o" \' Z8 E0 b6 `8 r, m' d* A2 i: n
cotton  wool----药棉
3 g4 x% R0 t1 o4 B" q+ x( \) scollect money---筹集资金
: v5 O! T, G' B  V5 P4 I: pcollect children----收养孩子
9 ~# o+ d0 l+ _" P* p" L( l
' ~. t8 Q9 \3 j$ ]判断是不是定语从句,就看是否和前面的名词有关系。
. p8 j# y1 h: I# i6 T) q引导状语从句的,就叫关系副 词。
$ j* @1 C& \: M5 g1 a+ r
$ V2 m; Y1 x$ i8 }3 ^[ Last edited by tomasy on 2005-7-1 at 14:48 ]
安静,努力,盼望.

In answer to..............---------作为对。。。。的回答" U& E7 P& C! w
In return  for............--------作为对。。。。。的报答
9 v& k5 d; i/ ]5 [. I7 w  v( D+ H; w) D) E+ O* a
meanwhile=at the same time=in the mean time0 f3 z- M5 _+ u9 y) }5 Y' R, n

& o, R! _9 M) B, n( S9 z4 V! mbe tired of sth/doing sth ------厌烦) F5 l) S/ E" N
7 N% s  q- C; ^: l* \8 f4 i
spring----泉水; w4 M' h  F5 z& x( g/ f
fountain---人工喷泉                $ o! Y& x3 ^, O& W7 q% {4 v
mat----怕烫的桌上垫子" C' p% N7 i7 Y# i, H
cushion---地上,沙发上的垫子  v/ s( A. ~! T0 v: Y9 ?& g6 h
gust---一阵强的风---a gust of wind, p& q! V. ?, C, |
breeze----微风* v" E' ]: J2 ?
gale-----比gust时间长,强度大' V% k0 P/ o+ G: }
a gust of anger----一阵无名火' f8 J. q9 O0 D9 N& k$ y7 e" V
sweep sth away------把东西给刮走: I$ G2 |) }/ @0 P# K! y! p) {
smash ----vt.  摔的粉碎smash into pieces
) ]7 e1 y7 H8 f( _  ]crash-------vi,  没有被动语态
1 X. L5 X( m; j9 q1 {7 zcrush----受挤压而变碎
- f; P: d2 `) O0 ^: m! Jbreak-----打碎
6 H  l: v+ {% V# s9 {crack-----有裂痕,不碎
2 [8 a; C  T* _% P- t& E/ V" Qcracker----苏打饼干,克力架& v6 _# q+ w+ d4 f2 B2 C' f

9 d, \/ k0 S) x3 i  [( G% b  Mcourtyard--院子+ `* V, N# f) X* g% l8 E$ E
backyard---后院
# E+ ]6 P# P  W% w. {' k% R
( ]$ [9 v) h7 Kglance at------有意地,短暂地看,扫视
( U" b6 v7 w+ Tglare  at -----生气,恼怒地看0 |8 S4 H" W6 G, T! _1 v
stare  at------盯着看0 z3 k, X8 {. J6 U- A$ V  }/ l
gaze   at------无限神往地看
/ C  {3 C. @+ R- G
' H. @; R6 a3 T6 upromptly=at once=immediately
  @- g% ^" D# p: Z  A8 G, D/ F5 u1 ]: Q/ Q
mariculously-------副词,奇迹般地
, @  m6 W& j( C4 Q1 c
% W& |2 _: H% Y形容词短语作状语:8 {/ X) T4 j5 l& l% U7 r" G
Tired of sleeping on the floor, he saved up for years to buy a bed.
4 p" Z2 P# M8 _* ?6 h2 Y+ cI always go to bed hungry.
8 w/ u9 e6 G$ jWorried about my daughter, Lucy,  she went to London to visit Lucy.
安静,努力,盼望.

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For the first time of one's life-----生平第一次6 t: A5 s, G& ~, W& ]

* x+ V, F( u5 Q/ {* V( K. ?become the proud owner of sth
6 X8 u; F. I3 @2 i5 \I become the proud father of a baby.
; M+ J  ^& H6 A! L2 D) w& u
0 F' p' b* K1 qlift sth onto the truck---带上卡车* |4 @$ z  R  P% C7 `) h3 M" }" a
for the first two nights; r$ J- o4 @/ @2 R/ a
for the last  two nights; q9 H. Q* S( Q2 G2 D
* o$ O, Y) H/ p/ J! \+ n$ y
blow up 风越刮越大) m" d/ C- _+ c# @! [+ s

4 r6 K; e$ y( `! k* _" {形容词---ing形式和名词为主动关系,    ---ed为被动关系
+ f8 u4 _+ a: w& q  l$ i! YGlancing at........状语
2 t. Q1 T" j# ^  |$ W! I9 z3 tsend it crushing,,,,,,,,,,,/ I find  the door locked------宾补
0 Y  F/ P! c& x) g/ fpassing plane----定语/ D/ j& @" M' g
6 K* e0 z( u. [; H
主语从句8 V3 j6 j3 a# q' [4 W5 j
It is easy that we learn English.9 A* t; k& a; I+ i

  Y: O. f9 J" p$ P0 E2 G宾语从句# a) n8 d9 K( W  H. t4 b5 J
I said that..............
' C0 U  n& f- j+ v2 g/ m, `I am sorry that I am late.     作be sorry形容词短语的宾语6 U* ^$ D) i% z& j' w/ R" V  t

: L) Z% ^  M# s( v0 ]7 O定语从句
+ r8 O, u  q- Q
  f- f6 p- G$ [3 Q! o) g/ ?
. d4 d& k5 ?  e7 r8 I+ ^8 \状语从句:原因状语/条件状语/时间状语/结果状语( X8 n( p- C4 b" z6 M/ N1 `* \

9 H2 w+ w( E& l  m! y& ?
% Y, Y0 A2 `) i" F4 F# C7 lride -----不用走路的旅游
( d0 ^5 g. c# Q. e. zexcursion----距离近的郊游(一天游,两天游): T- {" Y' o8 q! z" ]: s9 k
weekend's excursion/a day's excursion
5 z" Z  L0 Q7 _+ ~; b7 T! I& _! V: P$ z3 h3 m
in one's view=in one's opinion
: {- I* Z( C6 Z5 U2 ~; R* Z$ G: y, B6 z3 ]4 T1 Q
view-----景色(主观性较强)7 _% g4 |: h# R& N) Q
sight-----景色,视线,视野(强调客观)
# c9 ~+ }7 r) Z# E0 g. J7 T( kCan I have a room with a good view?  {. @9 D8 N$ }7 K; ?$ u- q
. Z" S$ M: u- _! N6 c6 [+ f2 g
I love having dinner with you, but I don't like paying for it.我喜欢,但我& _& F( N' `! G& T
不喜欢
% G! ~* F8 d: U9 }* u$ u
6 t, U. ~7 L! g9 E( j- PIt take sb some time to do  sth+ V; ]& r% x7 ]5 v% J
sb spend some time doing sth
安静,努力,盼望.

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sb spend some time on sth& M. |5 N' Z9 D* t$ @9 w
9 h# n8 Z! U' Y) d
比较级+ than  I expected/thought(口)
( k) F/ C0 g& v1 p( o  ^8 ?! S6 }7 m, S. z
特殊疑问句+to+动词原形,取代宾语从句2 K6 u! G; B) N: I9 V3 V
How can I get there? --------------How to get there?) B* |  \4 ]" z
                                   --------------I'll tell you where to get off?2 t; g& W* E5 e
                                   --------------I don't know which to choose? - l9 N7 ~2 K1 j( `' p
                                  -------------- I wonder when to have a meeting?
+ \2 I# b$ C& _. Sget a good view of  ---欣赏。。。。的美景2 Q* a: S) d% O) Y
I stood at the window to get a good view of the city.
+ e: P1 ~# ?& x$ _6 j: G
/ M. w  w) v9 l6 x) |+ [I realized with a shock that................
8 g, f( Q* V6 y. M* U+ u' W9 w/ N/ P/ e+ a1 N: N& [& n
This is as far as I can do.! S" N" t0 {0 K, Z  o; p, n
% `8 H& |7 n# r$ D% W8 o
put sb off-----敷衍
! F8 I4 i% [: `  r( lMy son always asks me to take him up, I always put him off.
) Z  v* d; t7 G! e$ ~3 Eput sth off/put off doing sth-----推迟做某事
! x% O5 w, C/ t, q- ~) D1 c6 p) ^! ?2 K
in that case ---如果那样的话
9 I2 F8 E* }7 ~1 ~in  a sense ---从某种意义上说
. ^: P% Z& m. u0 I$ s6 I( A1 b; n% q/ ~) y& C# o1 {
light go on=light be on   灯开着% }1 B+ k5 C8 ?2 a
; Y; z# o6 Q9 S3 ^6 |
平辈,朋友--------dear+ 名词5 [& [4 N- d: P+ t
长辈  -----------------dear + 关系+名词. X0 s# p. ], K/ }/ O

/ S9 }, J; N: X! J表示状态,情绪,感觉,精神活动不可用进行时
8 p" B+ f& e1 b+ Rbelong to, consist of, contain, desire, detest, dislike, hate, hope, love, 0 ^% b/ d. _. b% \6 H% V. B
matter,mean,mind,need,want,wish
* O5 L7 K. S- O1 o5 o# I4 f$ t3 `! I3 ?7 _4 A' H9 l& p
come loose----系动词+形容词----松了
5 |! H4 Y% e; j) H- u: S. [  Lbet on sth --就。。。。赌3 p8 L! L" b. ^) H) H% q  a
expect ----vt.7 `' q( V% N% B8 I" u6 L
wait (vi,) for. q# Q) K" m* b6 B3 ^4 c
long=for a long time
. T4 w; K# U3 g+ _* Q) ]I have waited for you long.
  n, K( T6 [- S
- `6 L9 k' {; ]6 t* U: I下某种交通工具,一定要用get off
- U9 W' Q& o& h  rAfter dinner, I got  down. 吃完饭下桌, a% G6 P. ^+ |% E* L7 Z
get out of 一定要加地点
$ z4 M2 a# a( ^+ E" M, ]) v2 [9 J1 V% k) [( R) d
give sb a reward
安静,努力,盼望.

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reward sb with sth  -----用。。。来奖赏某人
& b5 Y9 S  }8 ?6 [) P7 J..................  for  sb------因为。。。而奖赏某人' U, i* s# Y. W3 R! O1 F1 z2 G* k
* G, c/ a; X9 \4 N) c5 h
strongpoints----长处- M6 P5 D5 ^( t6 V& v2 Y
merit ----优点(工作中)
* \7 R" u6 H$ k
; A5 I0 L% u1 h# W5 Qforbid sb to do sth
0 f6 C8 u5 @) d% `- ^' _allow sb to do sth
7 X& w% X2 M. E9 z; B8 D
" ]7 z0 _6 E2 [一个动词的过去分词可以作为形容词用-----lost,broken
0 l9 d7 y  C$ w5 L" E. Q6 n7 T; q  h
& `' `  [- S& V
# ^  B+ @, U% P! oTo one's embarrasment/suprise,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,----------让我感到。。。。; }" U; z1 W' D1 T2 V5 N
的是。。。。
. N" R6 J6 D& L' h! |! z! j( {) C2 A
be strict  with sb -----对某人严格
% s  S, p  G9 X7 abe strict  in sth -------在某方面严格
* W2 C0 f5 `: J% `8 r' M$ E. P# x: P$ X) p% l5 L' ?
at times/sometimes-----时而
( X8 T7 M7 d! Q6 e" ]7 Q4 _! c: xoff  and  on----------偶尔
, K# ^# U1 o$ G$ S) \: U2 ?now and again-----偶尔
7 j8 P$ r" R. ~0 q/ ~" VHow often do you visit you mom?1 b3 g6 a2 {) F/ m

' Q& X! {, Z# V' P4 c# ]first  of  all-----首要
5 Y( P" g' E, v+ R# u4 a8 ~7 ~at  first----------首先
% E8 ?/ `  m9 ?$ `
5 I- q! L! b# @6 yfatten---vt.   使某人发胖2 @6 r+ q' w3 X
pay sb a visit-----拜访某人
) ^* B* \; j" s2 `4 @- Y
. K: v) T4 W" B! L, Y' T$ @as..........as ever--------和往常一样
# C9 w7 q7 H/ X( c! r' Sbe surprised to do* H4 {/ [9 E1 q/ M6 r
be surprised at sth9 `6 B, x5 X$ k' `

2 }1 E4 u$ [2 v" g; G2 M' ^% Llend sb into his room----领某人进入房间
7 S* p- F$ L& _" ^; Vshow sb out ------引领某人出去
3 A0 l( d) P" d0 CI will show you out.
* A) v) k3 V& ^5 k  L' Q3 H2 fsee sb off------送行; S9 w: f5 Q8 I& |  F% S1 q( X! {
2 _: I( T* I2 v6 V+ L
半联系动词:
3 U" R! `% Z( ?6 n' }8 h/ o# o$ j-----be 动词' w8 G4 i' l$ J+ F! E% I. G
-----感官动词   feel+adj." d/ W+ b$ y/ b! e# ^
-----get/become! j0 A) I6 L! e8 @' t
-----lie
安静,努力,盼望.

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shameful-----令人羞愧的/ x3 N5 X/ g, r/ n
ashamed-----感到羞愧的
8 d+ Y& Q9 z( Ywhat a shame you didn't win.---- 真遗憾,你没赢' W0 H  U" [2 z4 p4 v; K

: Q# K% N1 i( R, g0 }comfortable---自在1 i3 M. H8 ^; x+ W( V2 M/ a% _

* T- ?1 f+ H* P7 b$ [有ago,一定不用完成时,用一般过去
( V2 t" T. \  D! i  h) fall the day/all morning/all the week----------用现在完成进行时(动作有延续,
0 q- J0 Z7 N& V; o! s, k  P) q7 d还有可能继续延续下去)
: Y; s) v+ l- k段时间可以跟现在完成, 也可以跟现在完成进行时- \) e2 p* a* b  }

" w  \+ v- K. @get  sth  in order----使。。。。. B/ S' T0 R- k# ^
$ Z' k6 ^. _+ d# Q' N; @
To make matters worse......更糟糕的是,,,,(插入语,习惯放开头)
; n/ Q3 N- ?5 H" }! [+ S$ a1 v
. H% ?. }. j- @/ S+ P, U0 EThe room is rather small----相当的2 ^- U7 q* Y& m9 t
It worths every penny.---是值得的
0 h  c: g6 X: q+ e2 vcover every inch of-----(夸张表述法)
2 G! U: l& }% M- ], Q: c2 m2 k3 |3 R  x! L4 h9 g- P
help sb with sth3 f/ e2 @8 \* I3 n4 H$ a5 \$ l
with your help) E6 e4 I; h6 p: v

! w4 X8 F. |" f) R  f) t) |in your spare time
, f7 `; L6 \8 e) a2 T2 q" Y
! W) U- E  c8 p; X0 Nother----形容词
6 f; z5 @8 P. V& |the other----代词
* }9 G5 F; |" W2 ]) Sotherwise-----1,连词9 j. h" U4 n* V# V$ }( a* ]
                ------2, adv.=differently0 Q3 @) T  |3 K) S$ t" |) Y

, q! r$ w* D7 E, C+ Mhot--hot---hot---麻辣烫
! h% E  t" P$ B' Y  Lhot--wings----辣鸡翅# |4 C2 a) I2 B0 ~% b$ d
hot--tempered----火爆脾气
0 `) \9 M6 l# b# I7 j+ A$ eIt  sells like a hot cake---畅销
; {" q7 m, t# M: `9 O; M  _best  seller---畅销的东西
9 X' p5 ]+ p6 o# w7 \; Fhot   potato----棘手的问题! L. _1 T, H* ?" I
  ^) `1 p5 Z+ J! N" m3 g
hydrant----消防栓6 B9 j. i( }9 h6 _1 i
) J  A& Y" _- t  [+ k
Carelessness causes accidents------.......引起麻烦" m; a  X( K( f* b, k
cause sb to do sth----引起,导致某人做某事
9 V; U0 C% U5 G
/ `; V$ B0 C# m% X( o/ W9 U# J" X  Z. \snatch--v.  突然抓起来
; z' k9 Y: P7 Z: j3 C8 `seize---v.  用力抓住
安静,努力,盼望.

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since then,  从那时起,到现在为止0 _3 J' t% L  T

: s+ K3 K% K% p6 j" K6 O8 x1 i0 ycigarette ends--- 烟头; h( C+ w% a) \. \+ x
9 N5 i5 x* w5 t$ w( ?
be sure that .........
* Q/ Z" d) \7 u; s6 N% _9 Afairly  sure -----rather  sure------quite  sure(语气逐渐增强)
, J, O! W- o$ c/ u, L( `8 E# x
' T. D2 k" E: q; o1 astart a fire =cause a fire- i) x' a7 {! K0 F

+ l$ N( w/ g- [1 ~2 C. _) v* xnotice---注意到别人不注意的东西
- f, B6 _3 V$ |& W' u
) E6 F, T8 I1 E0 i+ g5 K0 n3 Lget an electric shock--触电
3 T6 ^- V. S0 o* j/ |: Cget a static electricity---(穿衣服,关车门)时,被静电电了一下
+ U3 b/ E4 n. g3 f& m1 l, O6 H( b) s; _: a
persuade----劝说成功: v" M+ h2 |8 Y! v' h
try to persuade----劝说
4 ~' G0 L$ G3 C3 }reason with sb---劝说(强调以道理)
- k" F7 _! ~1 W. v6 `' c" A& oin this way=that's how----以 这种方式! z8 P7 R: j3 R) w3 \, _$ x! k
like------在英文中不表示方式
7 A% o, c1 z+ |+ w0 x+ }  g. t" W3 X5 W5 l
Now that fireman have put out a big forest fire in California, they have
0 U/ ?# Z3 k4 a. ?& D: ?been trying to discover it's cause.
; M7 J# H6 V. Z+ s
$ O! C  `% P) KIn winding itself around the wires the snake had spent sparks to the ground
# s7 Q9 N- @: W. d' f0 K- x- aand it caused the fire.5 ?1 q  Q3 x# l- X0 J
介词in,on  放在动词+ing  前面的理解方式和没有in, on  的理解方式一样
* Q  `: K* _& t7 r+ }4 T, |( r, \1 t8 ~7 j/ `0 {, u
as sticky as glue-----合和胶水一样粘
" }. d, `0 ]! s1 J
: [; m- o4 d* A$ x, v7 \+ O五个指头:
" x% d' y3 |$ I  D: k# Gthumb8 `* g- \& r+ Q) O4 N$ \
index  finger
( Q7 l) y9 o0 H8 Bmiddle......$ M2 m; m( O( G6 {; r* q
ring.....
7 a) P# e0 c1 K- V9 |) G1 w8 klittle.....4 }, M! L9 Z2 e4 ?; a, X8 Y3 B; k- l

" b) g8 f" E+ ]' L5 qdismay sb % l8 Y6 P0 H) C7 J+ f$ h! C) m. S
dismaying-----令人沮丧的& }1 Z- h- X+ B+ P" |9 z/ |5 k2 @. r
dismayed----感到沮丧' P0 x7 f) z! p0 T3 u' T1 ^

# v! A# A# ?: s( A% U/ o" ]3 P2 ymake a mess of sth2 K2 e9 L8 k3 N3 k; c  |
----the baby made a mess of my life
安静,努力,盼望.

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doorknock----圆的,球形门把手
  d, D  m! w7 tautograph----明星,名人的签名# C* H' w& T0 Q% P' j5 ]8 M& F5 [
registered letter------挂号信7 t: m; e8 W% P+ Q% x& c) N$ |2 n
sign for sth-----签收
% U- D& T0 T2 ~
/ E3 O0 \6 J8 C- q$ nas school/at work------在上学/在上班3 T$ Q  d% a5 k
at home----在家(休息)
' x) n  B; j' o% s! H / {$ ?% H; m; s2 F: [
flour---面粉(不可数)
" x" r, E6 l4 dat exactly that moment--------就在那时
, G1 J8 _; l# a" K% `- V, a  @% t5 }) ^9 P4 U3 z. t, p
enough:1,名词 have enough9 V# \. Z1 C+ u3 y: S. h
                  2,形容词修饰名词时,放前放后都可以  j: y; J! U$ c
                  3,副词修饰形容词或副词时,放在后面     
: w* Z3 I/ v5 Q0 s; Denough to do sth--------I am hungy enough to eat a horse.
8 X. S# o, h6 t
' p) U, i  L4 M; X0 y! {the + 形容词---------有这一特征的。。。。
5 w) B# Q1 e7 V% X8 {; b. J+ f4 H, ], p, z% K
All................is  not.........------------不是所有的(部分否定)0 W' z& ~% ~4 Q! f$ w
All that glitters is not gold.发光的不一定都是金字0 \! c/ Z% B3 h
slience is golden.
! P0 S& U! V% [! N, i9 fgolden opportunity 6 V: X' m( {7 j' a6 l1 B4 Q. _$ y$ W
I am honored /glad to have the golden opportunity  to do,,,' R  g2 @! w* Z! ], A* K# C1 [# Z' Y
goldfish$ h+ R2 c$ J- S) A
platinum----铂,白金" ]9 g& U" e; V# v3 n+ `
7 ?+ g5 u% E1 ^0 H  q" F6 U) R7 u
treasure  ---总称(没有复数)' v2 l/ [9 |2 l2 m6 V$ @
Treasure  Island----金银岛
- R. _. }( U+ K. F, u9 Y2 ^* G  ?* X( m. G/ C( i9 w- N
jewel-----可数% w; j, s4 o7 p5 X3 g6 R
jewelry----总称(不可数)与 people,police 等词同类
; A2 U% k' W- V2 j. O& D' ^2 Q' o* `0 t5 M. Z+ e$ ]5 Q
hold one's arm- P; Y7 j' m( E8 r8 D
"Farewell! Arms"  <永别了,武器>---海明威写的  l4 i6 G9 x$ i4 R; P
Soldiers should be armed well3 t' F3 G% k& s: i2 o* I. S
The youth should be armed with knowledge.  用。。。来武装; R/ J  }% r7 o# N

! d  R2 F2 o) ~7 \" c. Aearth------也可表泥土
# K" @& r% }0 e+ N& v  ksoil-----土壤  ^' d; E1 K( i' _' j0 A9 S
2 R. R% R5 y7 y% _
entrance of / to
9 n4 C% @; E0 G% ube confidence of doing
' V. F7 b- B& b: Rbe confident that....
安静,努力,盼望.

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dreams end, _! A+ P, o. u
dreams come true
; l2 B5 b- J: W# e4 t1 l
0 v: v1 ~' Y1 N* [( r* h0 U- A同位语从句中的引导词只有一个that
" ?- l) i2 P) E% ?
* u6 d6 g9 A: m+ T! b& f- j0 Asomething of value=something valuable 5 Y3 Q0 a$ g, i% I9 K. A2 C
something of small value---没有价值+ P+ J, W$ m% d2 P! U- [9 d1 H
something important=something  of importance% T6 G: ]) M- g3 ]

! g: v0 C5 }2 O  Z被用来:: R1 N* j; ~6 y4 {7 P
be used for + 名词/v+ing,
; {( v8 ^2 Q+ I/ E3 B7 k& i# zbe used to do sth
  p! L1 U& y4 P& k6 l/ V* G7 U& O! N, L/ e& ~& Y6 j
四种表达方法:1 y1 d  _1 S' A$ J0 c8 k
To one's excitement,5 c" m8 J5 t+ o) O
The most exciting thing is that......................( J5 E+ [% L' `9 j& ]% b
The most exciting thing about it is that............
' h* P: ?; S# H7 aIt excited me that..........
/ E8 U& |* L. W7 X9 W9 B" d, B3 s1 R! G# z7 ]
  o7 r8 w# z0 F* c+ n& Z9 h. x

* k; ^2 q3 X2 F
  W: X, @( ^  K5 \+ Wnice      什么都可以用      You are nice.
" v" q0 f' t8 V0 A: Vsmart   物小巧而美丽的/人聪明而美丽的( |  a4 o8 z! {) w+ S9 h7 P
handsome     美观大方,制作精良(指物时)
- N; C# [  D# [3 h0 Y$ _: f- b# u" G6 i0 w/ }- g
explosive    炸药(名词)7 {# W  x/ M$ b7 m1 _
bomb          炸弹5 J1 `0 d2 C- h) w$ b9 v2 _
explode -------  The bomb exploded.  (n.  explosion)3 O. B, q% Q+ x6 l

, K; }/ s7 `+ \% _on the course      按照轨道运行, ^5 s0 s% C9 [" }
off  course   偏离轨,跑道,行程,轨道,课程6 v0 {1 x  K! ]: g" ]3 ^

9 e5 P; i0 R8 Q, Qrival   势均力敌的对手(能力查不多,有的争)
( r1 ]0 D- u- j" G0 S( S9 Yopponent   持相反意见的人
: s/ j0 ?+ A2 g# [$ scompetitor   参加比赛的人,市场上商家的对手)& L) f/ t5 P6 `6 S2 N

/ ]$ U" M' M! W7 r* ?; p6 \at the speed of   ...........的速度
0 ]" p, y$ J$ t$ i5 J3 speed,   4 speed   表示档位6 h4 ]+ T$ Z! s" }1 y) y5 A9 e
speed up   加速4 N! A/ |: @  k+ ^; h4 y* P
speed down  减速
3 j) R8 v! k  E% P7 X3 a+ O. \8 t. r  Z% i5 T
a great deal of ,   a large amount of    +  不可数名词 : }9 c* g# Z  {7 M  d# U
There was a great deal of excitement  人们非常激动(欢乐的海洋)
安静,努力,盼望.

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英文中的斜体字起强调作用
- h; d1 H1 G0 G- w
/ X$ c% b& P, hany  在比较级中一旦出现,它往往+ 可数单数
$ {7 b9 m. `. @  a  m6 a, rBJ   is  bigger than  any  city.  (包括北京)% F& C, r7 D) a! W! R, m
...................................any  other city. (排除北京)
" _) C) M! I2 X' w1 ]...................................other city else.( 排除北京)
8 b+ v* j, O; f5 q# N& k
% c" y% B" U3 I9 Y# vrival    不包括自己,因为是对手  any of its rivals = any rival& s: q" |  i4 @+ j' t: i
如果是competitor,    也要用 any other competitor
7 g6 @" q2 r5 [: M$ h4 |4 }- h- q' V' \% V4 u7 X
have trouble doing sth
) v9 j& f' B* l; K* Z$ b/ J0 r2 |2 z# k; F6 \% f0 N
no more than you    和你一样    no less than you  ?/ T. [. K) k" [* H
There are no more than 100 students.  有100个学生
3 i) h9 Q! Y! v( D- g0 f/ z) {1 U4 M  N* v$ K- q4 _
not less(=more) exciting  更令人激动
1 X9 I) M% y6 {7 z! Rnot more(=less) exciting
) s. C8 R& D2 D/ T+ n- l. x2 y
.................is held for............                比赛为 ............而
' g& b5 W& S0 \* u6 b& ]5 g* B0 b举办
% T5 }* S3 T6 D4 E6 K! `5 F6 i' M4 _- E  G$ {" J1 W: R6 a' s" e
2 n, h3 j9 |  N) p' z

! c2 v; q+ `- g/ g9 t* x2 f7 C/ E0 s
' r+ x5 a3 Y7 w0 X; R) {not so/as...........as   不如; c/ u( W' m7 o6 z( M
less + 原形    不如1 W, S; ^3 X, Y+ A1 S& q6 n. v

$ _7 a& }) l/ e) U2 Lbe eager to do
! f& ^: Z; @: s) S
% K" [( D' P( M# d# QI dress myself.  因为反身代词不可作主语,用被动时I am dressed in....    % q/ n/ r8 N0 A. _) W/ t
是自己穿。' [; F. w5 t; G

: O2 ?) [) ?1 d( Cthe way + 定语从句$ Z1 ]0 [  t4 {' }' ?, n0 ^
; M1 K4 b7 ~, H7 ~& t/ `  U
with sth in hand
% {0 |/ M" J$ ~+ F5 L" R, r# J5 ?with great difficutly
# l+ K! L* [4 O0 V! Y- s- D# O
4 g+ O' f$ n% K0 ^2 ?1 H1 L. C$ qenjoy herself making sb do1 j5 |8 w* C, Q. _! s3 p0 f
..............before finally buying the dress she had first asked for........" l! ?' t( z; n# I/ e/ ?6 r: |
...; Y, {4 P% D7 u/ ^
+ E6 c$ U  D% |2 P+ o
off------away from
6 i1 O5 n7 m$ R- |- F    ------down from
安静,努力,盼望.

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make sb do sth     主动
! O5 X7 ]. j: Obe made to do sth   被动: T0 z! A$ e# ^& p5 D0 P
& a! o3 n0 e7 u9 ?0 i
after 可以放在句尾,副词表达方式later
) G2 I# H6 k% J* D) kthree days later, three days after, three days before
& X2 }9 a( W# YI have never seen it before.
) o$ @* d6 j2 _, T" \7 b+ I1 y1 p: h( ~  R$ W) h% Q
by+ 主动语态的主语
7 ^% k7 ]! Y9 e6 x8 h' ZOn being told by an assistant that the dress was sold, the woman returned   t+ j- V) g* x6 B) K! W8 n: {" I
the following morning dressed in a fur coat.+ Q9 Q0 h: w/ k* h& Z. g
9 H) @& u  V: x7 ?; r1 ]
what a surprise(it was to.......)
1 \& w: `, Y% NWhat a surprise it was to send me flowers.
+ Z$ L& I. p6 h0 z( g---在to do 结构中, 可以在前面表达动作由谁做+for sb8 N2 T$ d# V. p$ E6 L
What a surprise it was for you to send me..............2 {* X# N1 _( P& q9 P% Y
5 }8 H' v4 n3 y8 A' Z: [, h2 C

- ?5 ?% h9 `5 N4 M. M/ sForgive me for not writing earlier, but.........
3 k+ O1 n( k4 f' s0 m- Z3 ]$ n! g) y0 S7 n" a; K% |' x# _
in disguise 穿着伪装
1 ]0 J7 l- b8 J; _4 KA blessing in disguise  因祸得福.
7 _( n' l# T" ?9 VA curse in disguise 因福得祸4 k6 Q2 [' S- J9 u9 M' c' c1 H
A wolf in disguise 穿着羊皮的狼' B& M; S) ^6 F
3 v, J* `6 a$ @! x2 `: {6 ?
sb possess sth
' P( r9 L4 q" H. R) C5 k& Q" ~
! i/ S: \6 S4 F' Q+ [+ p2 [) Xcursed /id/----adj. 如果有 --ed 构成形容词  e, u+ ~% K; K& o* s
5 U% h$ I5 z4 p0 f1 N, V: }. U
Tree planting day  植树日/ j4 A4 W/ H' O; S) o1 v9 Y
& E9 W) {- {  I" A) c, s) m5 V
good/bad reputation+ O  ?$ o# Z# G3 R" R1 ^
fame--- 一定好
- C" Q5 @5 G& k0 V  m4 b
2 {& l* m% {3 Q/ `, bDINK 丁克家族
) `# ^( C+ L6 k( zdouble income no kids1 j. [2 Z# G9 k* R0 x! d# q
" _6 Y& s2 j' y5 I' A' \
It is said that.............  据说* u# B% i5 A3 H0 {4 `' m

* B6 P! _( X5 Z1 c1 _& msth called
3 q( c, L6 K  O, d1 V0 F8 n+ t6 F
! f  \, Y( r4 \( Y5 d. [% l' _& q和地点相连的词的名字用 OF) u+ x1 M5 I8 Y0 l0 p, l
the city of Beijing 名叫北京的城市
安静,努力,盼望.

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两种表达方式:
7 H4 Q+ k. I4 x9 sThe village is said to+ v.+2 p+ w% W: I- L7 D. I2 p
It is said that village possess a . Z1 a( w* M5 b" @- Q/ U* J: V

4 U( k% d) j: b( M, k7 \5 hin a newspaper 指内容里面+ O, O' T8 R+ ], u* |" F
on the newspaper7 y) }$ X2 C( S; j1 Y
1 W6 h# T% S  R2 S6 O
the number of .....谓语单数+ ]2 q# a0 W$ ^' ]6 {9 `! U5 @
a number of=lots of ....... 谓语复数
; Z* Y9 G. h6 z8 {! H% ^' |) P( j6 K9 ^  X& y
Despite / in spite of ------用法,意义都一样
" M, N; G# P; ?. vIn spite of all that has been said.....* E- Y$ [, |7 Z2 K$ j9 d
In spite of 可以加what 引导的从句
( C: b( L: g  X3 T+ s& ?# Z' f( i0 @6 t
poverty-struck
% P& I: j( Z* n- e3 k2 C# R) V9 P% p8 _& R% V
Could you make yourself known?
$ w( M" j7 g( ^  KCould you make yourself heard?1 H& p1 L* P- v2 R5 ^' ^& f
# a/ y- K. ~5 L
gain---get the reputation
% ?( Y$ ?( y7 X* Z* o. dearn the reputation----通过努力得到的结果
7 b. r) o* w* g' c. s5 n
6 T) j9 c* l) `; a; h6 u/ t1 I表示数量增长:- L( p* W- s3 q% `0 d
The number is increasing/growing .5 s  t0 C. ^5 Y6 G! m' [
grow + adj. 变得=get: Z# P9 t* J, H# ]' M! g! B
grow old/ o" |* k8 W" P" x2 t

2 e& R6 F# @; t4 b+ m8 Bsb. is barking  某人发火,跳脚* F, ~: g7 y+ e% a( Z- d7 t
cat's paw  被人利用的人3 u8 v0 y0 w4 U# D7 O
I don't want to be a cat's paw.
. f6 G* j% b1 a: S; W8 S; ^8 y3 Y. T- e. M
expert at/in doing.....
" ]5 H7 z6 \0 N- rremove sth from....
6 P/ a, j% h- Oevery time= when  连词+句子: J* M# v7 S. d  Y* ?; s) c" B
the moment + 句子(时间状语引导词,强调瞬间)% F: }1 c- x  i  C) D# A2 a
train sb to do6 J9 x. z- O/ }4 m
/ Q+ A6 e# e  w6 M
so that--------连在一起时,表示目的(为了)---目的状语从句前一定要有情态动
3 q2 D+ X7 H" R3 I
* V* P- L; `7 P, S# `" }+ qso...........that.........表示结果----结果状语从句,可以省略so 和that的任) W$ v) A4 v6 E0 d; l4 p
何一个) g  c7 b1 j. A% U
6 L3 P; R" w  _7 k: _
since 放在句尾=since then
安静,努力,盼望.

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We stopped for my sister(不定式的逻辑主语) to have a rest.---do 的动作不
4 r( q. s4 o6 D" d8 |0 v  f是由主语做。7 F' {" z2 \, V+ K
Bring your umbrella in case it rains.(状语从句,没有将来时)- c+ G4 d4 ]4 O+ ~% I- @1 P1 O- b9 ]
so + 句子  j- M7 X$ S3 O! G0 X' S
so to----非谓语动词形式
$ ]* ^) K1 X1 O& j7 L& Ofor sb to do sth=so that sb do sth- u. t2 p* Q( K7 @6 ~5 ~
( Z$ T, ^- d* X& m3 p  J
xx  and xxx(若是同一类东西) was launched.......
2 S0 `0 V7 [# Bby the time-----到那时为止+句子, 但理解为before
) l6 D4 S/ r7 m- ?/ p: ~# Gthousands and thousands of......成千上万的
8 M6 j  t% v- Z  e% V5 }+ FCould you make room (不可数) for me?
: ~5 U) B" r& w9 v  Dright from the start 强调0 D, I9 c" n9 W4 q' d2 Z+ L% n$ R7 w
problem with sth1 H5 E7 S' n, o2 Z' \2 X7 k

2 w5 _& o, ^% P2 S4 H7 O9 U, b: `9 m  @, m将来完成进行时:will have been doing/ B% n3 x. Z9 c7 ]3 ^0 x/ e/ J
we will have been learning Book 2.5 o3 X1 X4 T: p
By Fri, midday, they will have been working it for seven days.有可能延续
9 U6 m" D( y, Q4 \
. u# K2 \- z+ b! B0 j2 a
( o3 w5 f: M2 j& o( q% Q过去完成进行时:had been doing 到过去某一点时间为止动作一直在延续& Q' G( ?9 ?4 E- p, _
His father had been waiting for him until he came back.
/ `. W5 ^; _) i: T' C( \5 N( L' L: E4 Y6 R% Y
price sth 打听价格进行比较* ?$ N) z+ w9 z. r4 ~" z# m  ?
I am pricing the TV set.
! p7 _7 {/ X2 @9 D: S( T1 xvalue sth  认为。。。有价值% O1 I8 A( O( O. {: l
I value your advice.( _% a$ `6 E  Y0 R9 j
value sth owned by oneself / value sth of one's own --------敝帚自珍
* x; w* r. l' d7 Z
$ q4 N5 S- V; `* \% Bsharp rise at the cost of living 很大程度的上升6 l" m' [/ S/ ]! y
I can manage it.% ^4 \) u! B& }+ @) p
lonely + 人 ,                    / + 物时,表偏僻% w+ S+ V3 W  y. |
desolate + 人,极度孤独 / +物时,荒凉无人烟
- P2 X. b) I( u4 K+ Nthreaten to do (很少用)
3 t. d9 [- \4 t, M& [& othreaten sb with sth 以。。。来威胁某人+ a1 z4 [) v0 O3 ]+ n
It threatened  to rain. 天要下雨了(有迹象表明,如乌云密布时)" G$ i5 Y0 j' A/ t2 W1 Y
( F& z$ v) h9 ~0 y3 m2 w4 v
surrounding  -----adj.  周围的  {$ k/ S8 H: m. \- t7 q; r$ w- a
surroundings-----名词,环境; D) z9 ?8 ]1 X/ k1 [$ R6 g1 P
flood=floods 无区别
% I6 p  A' F) [5 U. Uauthority------权威
/ m, U- m4 {4 X1 cauthorities-----当局3 W( h& S: p' N2 u# p- @  F, }8 [( O
spray sth over/on
8 A" m7 N7 o5 p0 `+ Ddestroy---destruction/destructive毁灭性的
安静,努力,盼望.

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sth with good quality! B+ x1 _: p, X1 X7 p  o! h
quantities of -----大量的. f; Y; W( @' n1 |; c

# A1 p2 k( n9 R, hroot of.... R5 c) W, I# m8 a
root cause 根本原因7 Z. m, C2 G4 Q  {
take root  生根
# o! z) k# l$ I& o/ ^! Ccome out  长出来------flowers come out.( ~4 S/ h; y8 \1 z% l3 |
a patch of 一小片
( c) ^  E8 g, z7 ^8 Vpatches of.. 许多片 patches of green(名词) 一片绿地% @6 i% O1 C, \
for miles around 方圆几英哩, q# L/ z5 q5 f2 R  U! `. Q

' f' z( C+ y: d5 g都可放在段时间后! D3 j: ]  N, s+ M
a short time before从过去的某一点时间算起- b' F( T7 l5 P( z
a short time ago 从现在算起% F1 U2 j1 H0 A$ E  f
rise up from.......over跟烟雾连用时,译为“弥漫”the desolate hills.
9 R9 h) m. f; l* P8 Zwinter was coming on...季节的来临(固定用法)- M& F9 a, i" R$ Y. ~# {
% W: ]$ v# A. w& B
in place of 替代(只能指代位置,空间,地点)
; G- y0 l+ R" n& O. s2 zIn place of a cup, I put a vase there?
. K) V2 r3 H9 Ain stead of  + 事情$ W- i9 L. r' H; J9 C% B
admire sb. for sth.. 因为。。羡慕某人
1 i. b# a) x7 u4 {9 S) ZI admire him for his richness/wealth.
2 x7 d1 J9 L1 B! x$ U: v% a( ~7 x* Z3 Y, U- n6 A& H4 y5 P% x9 o; f$ ]
reception 在某种意义上等同与party 有的吃,有的玩。
+ H/ w; `8 D4 Twedding reception 婚宴! R5 v- a' \9 D7 T
news conference 新闻发布会, w0 j: H# `8 Z  W

; R$ @  L( U  I7 H' Y* ^5 G习惯上用sort 的时候:
* E8 g7 o3 ]! `# k' g-----那种人: that sort of person
# n; S6 A+ e% t3 a+ O ----含有讽刺意味 That's the sort of thing you like best.
; D# g7 ^6 {& j- z8 B6 f其他情况下,可与kind 互换
# S- _& Z1 P- \6 l
7 l4 l! O7 G7 Y8 i2 B" Bhave a large circle of friends.
, `8 L; p7 z& D/ o6 A  nI am preparing a speech. prepare + 内容有关1 p% R. a, n+ p# r. |6 ~1 O
I am  preparing for a speech. 后面不一定跟内容有关,如调调话筒什么的
* ^" E6 O6 [1 x
4 H( v: l' p* }, y# l- \* K" c' Gbe disappointed by ..........因为某事而感到失望, |2 T. P% j+ y" R4 P* P3 R
why this was so -------this 可作主/宾+ }  ~( c( @5 f& J1 B* ?
                            -------so 只可作宾,只能放在句子后面I refuse
. ?; y7 G  `, E& o2 k+ U, mto do so.
9 S8 d5 w" J7 A9 j0 Wso many people 跟数字相关,一定要用so  V* P* B) u; N# ~

1 l, @# A6 A0 YIt was a great success. 指 棒级了,很好,反响很好
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与形容词和副词连用时,用a little
% N( r; h" V( C与名词连用,用little 和a little 都可以。: x6 T+ [2 K/ a2 N* u. h9 S
I have little time/ I have a little time.
, O7 [, H# p7 L+ S1 |5 Csomewhat= a little     There is somewhat higher than I expect.: s8 m2 b; m) e3 J) g, N/ Q4 y
somehow 不知怎的,无论如何# N# p8 U+ n4 ?- z2 k
# {) g' r* {2 T
think highly of  高度赞扬
) B3 t  k* @$ d+ _Air the room, please.
3 |5 z! u7 n! Y2 t/ m" Q: oForced Ventilation 车上强制排风系统; `- O" R7 R1 U3 ?+ u# a; H
0 |: y# T% m2 }4 y
sb. fear sth. 是习惯性
6 s+ u$ i  e8 [. v: C; n. F6 yI fear darkness/dog
# k2 d4 x8 X8 ?; K" J
% W/ w3 }2 ~# }8 y+ p1 y+ x6 Jsth. frighen/scare sb. 突然的事情
; z  C$ `+ G5 |9 h# D. u5 e
  }1 r3 R' y" @" {5 x) K区分:* w. d$ `5 p' ^! [
officially ---官方2 T5 e- ]5 ~: p2 \( T
formally ----! P6 c6 f$ B. D; H$ u2 w

+ `4 \6 B- p0 Lconnect sth with/to' r, ]3 z3 K1 S; Y6 }) `: x
European---全部的欧洲国家
+ e8 H' K, I+ k: KEuropean continent-----不包括岛国: K7 W. S2 P' U0 E2 T7 S4 V% {; s

0 L7 O* h. p! m' I, l( fput  forward用于计划,建议的提出a plan ,suggestion.' B6 u7 S' f& ]; T( k3 q
Suggest::2 J" A1 \( ]" b
-------指暗示时,用法与其他动词相同
) O7 T  J) l+ f: T------指建议时,属於虚拟语气+动词的ing/ that +动词原形/+名词和代词* k5 Z4 Z0 e( H: ^3 H1 ~- U
( h! U, O( k7 }% u6 A
insist +从句用虚拟: G4 |4 K* ^1 N1 i3 a" ~! i( i
9 u& D: F/ J% m  }3 _( I3 \
draw in 吸进; G5 X; L' L; e( e- X
draw up 签署/停下来
: i9 `1 S; p/ F7 y7 L% Y与过去事实相反,主句--would have done,  从句---过去完成5 G2 ]. |: q" o+ P4 U7 m
与现在。。。。    ------be 动词,                 ------ 用were 代替
' T; p- k! P& ^  }; M5 W. ?* Z8 i% u! D+ {, l* D- x
wait for:# w' u9 F- f* @' ?# K* I
wait for 5 mins  ( 加时间for 可省)
( y7 j/ b" g& D, K* H5 rI have waited 5 mins for  you. (这种用法比较好)/ C1 a1 X  x# i" {8 u$ `
could 可能( d/ j6 n9 M# [2 b% T' z* Y6 C! e
would  将来可能" ?3 p* D4 G; K: t: s4 y  c

8 }# V" I' r" g( e4 @5 s/ ~thanks to (to 是介词):* s! W1 M' A) h0 u
Thanks to the English Channel which separate Britain form Europe, the county
安静,努力,盼望.

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has not been invaded since 1066
8 V; G! p& `% m+ }: l
; m$ ~0 j( b0 [3 V5 W. n- `( i5 wnow that 既然& O' l; x' q6 ~- D% ]6 A) }, }$ D
versus= V.S. 介词, 对,,,,
% X+ F" M' _+ ]3 O/ I, {3 LI will accompany you to your hotel., o1 o( Z3 D$ F8 I' H# i$ O4 i
The old man approaches 80 years old.快到80 了
$ a- Q/ Y3 v% ?- a* D% u+ eapproach sb.
) l! D7 b- k" C$ q3 j& \9 F# wan approach to success.
7 X2 n7 n' G0 p; v7 d. X9 w4 A. O2 l. W4 Q  }0 p9 r
$ b' n; R5 `8 a! H+ \) q9 p- x
modal verb  情态动词:% r* t% l4 _) H6 [- G5 |" Z
ought to   义务8 i, ?' b) ^2 q! c
should 一般应该,如: 我认为# O% Q- u- R. [/ |
sb. weight + 体重: Z* N5 Y% p+ l, _- c. {; [$ _
a guard of honor--仪仗队
8 M" c2 I& [. `+ @' {
" q* o" [7 ^' M- ]所有情态动词+have done 跟过去有关:6 c& w0 n# L/ z( o
------跟虚拟语气有关: would have done.( ?( i: _. \2 `% P) c
------表示猜测句型: may/must/can't have done
0 L* \/ {+ u: u. t0 z7 X-------本该   :  should have done/ought to have done/needn't have done. : X' m) J; N. b1 {
用情态动词时,多了一种可能性,其他动词说出来就是做了或是没做。
. _( R- w$ E# m8 T3 r) h3 @/ V* E! R3 e' N6 w8 H
agree to sth. (prep.)
! D! }) f6 v2 `% A4 k. Pagree to do sth (不定式)
$ M, [7 L, C3 l+ q: fagree with sb.
' W" ^9 [, E! t. }9 ~
; n0 I0 v, ~6 F& j2 }record 警察局里的记录
  j% h! n: z! Q; Aresume 履历
; w8 p1 x) ~: _: S- T0 ]* ]8 s* w9 h9 n( P0 p/ X
bomber--- 轰炸机/投弹手
3 Y7 X- n1 r! T  T* Gwreck ----强调坏了没用的东西 broken thing( C, Z* Z  e6 o
wreckage---强调坏的东西成碎片 pieces of
: l: E; L# {, F6 b% C, R) n' V5 R3 K, p& z8 w
retell 复述
/ f" ~. d' O3 Y1 u. v1 K" J. X6 zrewrite 改写: V# q, l) k& r2 k
: j' t: R# w9 e
investigation8 [* m9 S2 s# ^& {* ]
survey----一定跟数据有关
* V8 Z: N3 N4 f* P6 g( Z( `) H- ?9 O, R' i6 V
pack----小包,人能带走的
! }: V+ M0 Y7 T8 vpackage---大包,人搬不动/ z) P0 L& w5 Q& ?7 b, A
package deal------把别的东西连带卖给你
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imagine doing /that8 B2 R/ `5 W, o3 I3 B* X: m* \
imagine it ! 直接加宾语,表示让你想象不出来2 _& p7 d0 }! L7 S& d/ y
2 G. \- I' L# v3 a6 U4 G
colony ---殖民地,原指一群聚居在一起的生物
% D! i/ \' T+ z7 y2 ~a colony of ants/bees/artists.5 K; }5 V8 h( p7 a6 k
* K* P  c$ X* m1 F
preserve---经过特殊手段而保存下来. H, _4 d+ h4 F$ ?. q9 _4 `+ P
bean curd 豆腐# v4 Q. b- }% ^; C& M' U/ o
preserved curd 豆腐乳+ j* {  n- b% F$ Y! P4 E' }
preserved meat  腊肉2 J( [) J5 o' F% R: R* U5 H: T6 t
smoked fish  熏鱼8 Z& l4 {( }+ n
1 \! M7 r& Q$ m
store 保存以便日后使用7 G3 u- ^( [) h  q
store the cabbage.
6 X6 R2 n9 s6 K" C! m' f+ O3 y. C$ X: s# l' A- {& V, _4 [( P
west/east/south/north of ........如果前面没有介词in/on/to, 就等同于to the - V" ~# H8 n/ i8 {: N3 b# p
west/....of7 G, z' o3 B2 x4 f
A long way west of.....
* D6 L9 c, u  R7 Y' H3 R  E' M/ D& H/ |3 w' e5 y3 u2 O2 O
over the new year=during the new year.
# e) o! `+ h" e$ F8 L% S; ]$ _& o2 x6 q8 c' [# W/ m
remain + adj. 看成系动词6 z7 p, M: S6 a0 `2 @; K, R) y
7 ^+ Q* A# n1 A
Christmas is coming a  few days after the beginning of the winter.1 W: T4 G8 P# `, e% r
in .......condition....... 处於。。。状态+ d. c7 ]. I4 C/ y: y% L- b
in parts : little by little/ bit by bit.5 T  Q( }8 K, s! g0 ^) F5 g* e
Imagine my excitement, when I found............" n" _" Y4 |. m9 o8 {2 b2 Q

" P3 w6 x0 u% w- F( X& i) q3 F* b5 Nbreak sth  open. 破着打开
+ M$ u  g* E% R5 fcut it open 剪开+ n' u# J8 }6 v; y( N  C
tear it open 撕开7 Q. N; ]( u+ S) ?+ U$ d" q8 ?
# g- d. R  H. y0 Q5 v/ E/ E$ C9 A
sweet as honey
+ H- f3 L4 G  B% \5 V: Esticky as glue
4 K3 n: s# {/ {% @& b/ e) ?3 ostrong as horse
. g# o& `$ w0 xbusy as a bee
# v; a* }3 U" F: S  l8 r 5 t! X7 W( M7 [- ]  p
集合名词作人看时,谓语复数0 V- }) C2 L/ v+ T
my family are watching TV.0 F; I9 X' V7 b( U( Z& }
不作人看,单数+ l$ @' D' a3 v) g
my family is happy.6 D: u% J# `  c6 t& f& t
* b, {5 V; V1 x; B7 l
active积极/主动. L& \" @9 r3 B" [
passive 消极/被动
安静,努力,盼望.

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escape death 死里逃生
, w. \/ R6 i1 D- |narrow escape 九死一生- P7 \# c) Y# {4 {9 B
escape doing sth. ---He escaped being punished by .........
( A, O" c* M" X" p0 j% vlively /ai/ girl------活泼有生气的女孩0 j% D9 H( _) L- A$ {; f( C! _6 ]
6 J8 r: ~7 d9 B0 ]
“a”---asleep/alive/ahead 要作定语时,只能作后置定语% l" G  M, F3 B# ]
living sth 定语形容词
' Z, _6 a) U  m+ Q) Z& O; gsth alive.$ V7 `  J. j. @$ ?8 @
) X2 B* T0 H- Y
risk sth  冒着失去。。。。的危险risk doing sth.
5 w9 |# e3 A) V; _take a risk/ at a risk of .....
1 m$ b& e, n& j& j3 v. y1 M7 e" ^+ L
tell the difference between+ }# s3 x9 C, G- U! M- t- k
tell the truth
7 t" l- D- U. y% D, `6 F6 e5 B$ Htell a lie5 U" q& d0 }" p' K+ o4 _
tell the time 问小孩看不看得懂8 ]6 U1 S. L$ f, G

& X7 o" @2 @2 |' d8 Y6 n2 qonly just= almost not 差一点没% a; U8 I* z: [
on the subject of = about( h# G- \% A. D7 p7 @9 R3 ?
in the direction of =towards
# ^) U) c7 ]) I& i  s5 lsay a good word for sb. 为某人说好话,求情
9 `( u& p2 M2 q: {5 ~+ l- G' F$ h# X0 M
persist 不顾阻拦, 一味的坚持-----persistent.----persist in doing sth.  n& k' z; M0 L  c
perseverance  坚持不懈----persevere in doing sth 褒义词$ E5 L2 [  _- j- w% s* Y' x
insist on doing sth 认为,说 ,是人的一种态度) i( B2 ?" X2 r" f
avoid doing sth.1 u# k  F( b0 z3 r( Q( B
. K5 y* x2 F1 ~& z% M, ]7 q. X
come doing /come shopping 店主说5 f; b' F- T: {4 O4 u6 c, o
go doing /go shopping 顾客说1 d9 O: Y0 b7 X' E+ U, I
" o  S7 B# d- b* @5 t
It's no use doing.....crying over the spilled milk.) p2 U" O3 b& g+ L4 B1 Y2 r
appreciate doing or +noun! H2 `4 L  }& a' H) @9 K

; j$ L7 N4 Z* ?" B# B4 z* Pno matter + 特殊疑问词引导的从句5 u& n2 c. q1 U3 P' F2 R) ]# ?9 P
think of a way of doing 想一个作某事办法. s  x3 w8 C/ m  ]6 r" B' q

* \5 u: ?$ B1 M- Uprevent sb from doing , }3 h, F3 p4 a) T0 U4 B: e
stop sb from doing# r6 k" N; d, W" n& v7 S2 ~
keep sb from doing
9 z* g! m- j% m8 H  z
4 N) N: T% p  r/ j! Tforbid sb to do
% V  g& D. w+ e+ t( }/ F+ Callow sb to do
安静,努力,盼望.

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Fancy/Imagine meeting you here! 真想不到会在这儿见到你6 v; [/ I4 v9 m) V1 I0 |) b
fancy + 名词表示惊讶8 [9 _9 A% P& [
, Z& T: j2 L# k6 C6 I0 K
Would you mind( my) coming with you?
1 O) b; }! n) ~/ ]; K& ^mind +ing
! K: N$ Y4 ^# F- ~- e形容词性物主代词my/her/his /their/xiaozhang's
* Z) Q; D. R! awould you  mind my opening the door?
# K! O0 e! N$ l人称代词宾格me/her/him/them/xiaozhang/! \  j8 @3 {* j
如果是不定式,在To  前+ for sb. 作逻辑主语
6 x. |9 @4 z$ X* I6 Y) ?  Z: H9 ~( Z, h1 V7 ~
-----ing 的逻辑主语,四种形式,分两大类:
" U8 z; k- d+ d. l& r1,作为代词,可以用人称代词宾格,也可以是形容词物主代词4 X# d/ R/ Q0 E* ~$ M
2,作为名词,可以保持本身不变,也可以变成名词所有格my/me  可以互换! O! p( e; w& [. q! T
would you mind my/me smoking?6 ]" y% i: A! ?
would you mind me making myself at home?
/ ]+ |6 f5 Q' k  {; g( q* THis leaving is a great loss.& K1 f# G9 W3 ]9 ?
Mother dislike my/me working late.7 J  V+ d% N* W# ^$ t% e
John' s having seen her did make him worried.
8 j* `  {' L2 p) ^9 Ging 动名词可作主语----所有格(名词所有格,形容词物主代词
8 C* m6 e: L* R7 W" t  |。。。。。作宾语-----所有格,普通格
. o% e0 U3 J0 V) `; E# l) p3 t! N$ a* T0 s1 a
加ing   的动词,: L1 T3 e8 e4 ?9 O- I$ J+ L& h! Q/ U
avoid, enjoy, finish, it is no use,  prevent sb from, fancy, imagine, escape,
2 I- L+ F& _8 v% H/ P) m% n: Urisk, allow, permit, delay, admit, deny, mind, practice, complete, appreciate,- X% y3 R! A. L: N. c
resent, give up,7 r9 _2 s# L0 x9 E0 d! B. W( O; g

2 E! B2 m; y* V1 T  F* |advise/allow 无人称时,动名词作宾语,doing sth,3 h$ c, `; i( ]2 _7 b  a0 Q
advise/allow sb. to do 不定式作主语,还有,permit, recommend.4 i% c& V5 }, t5 `$ k
. A' Y8 U/ p& u5 {3 ~6 ^
what would you like to recommend?  饭店用
' u+ K  c+ h$ c. R! i$ h# g: J, s) S* C
as .......因为.......whom 引导定语从句 ........in order to  目的状语0 t8 X9 ?! @9 V1 l: S3 M
-----As there was a dentist nearby whom she knew well, Elizabeth, decided
( x; K; D' [5 W9 rto go there in order to explain what had happened.# x7 s/ c7 W; N$ |" Z- x& x
% J; X3 z5 R1 k: g: c2 M
After Elizabeth left, the dentist went into the waiting room and asked  + u: Y6 t/ a- ^1 z" r6 ?

0 _- }, P1 e/ r5 @) n5 C! X( A! W1 d$ Y1 D
Less虚拟语气
" X' \: V8 b% P- o# T
# z% b6 W' j  L" ~7 m                    
4 n# Q, Z& h; J$ S9 S8 @9 D) q  虚拟语气是一种动词形式,表示说话人的一种愿望,假设,怀疑,猜测, 建议/ X+ x$ P- @% o
等含义,虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。
安静,努力,盼望.

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If I were you, I'd take them away. % E. E" A. j7 ]* ]) g
                      2 i4 L' ?* I' Z
  如果我是你的话,我就会带走他们。
; S! L  k4 T( J+ w) ]$ z                     
! F* N+ H' K, N- Y/ |( f  If I had met Li Hua, I could had told him.
/ @- F1 T7 Q& W( j* N- v                     
# `4 L4 U2 j2 G3 G. i- I3 ~1 D  如果我碰见了李华,我就告诉了他了。
7 n& y3 t4 p( Q1 u; [7 W" U5 t                      ) [+ O! T  Q; M; T' q5 z  Q
  If I had time. I could come to help you.
+ e8 P) y! Q9 }8 E$ ?. ~0 \" G* u; S                     
/ X/ \7 q" _+ _7 c  如果我有时间,我会来帮助你的。
! i! H6 V3 t) w2 `+ G6 c6 y/ s                      ; P6 S0 r/ N* `$ O- h
  He suggested that our class should be divided into five groups.
# R" l" ~$ S' e* e- V: Y) L                     
  ^6 O9 C: a, N8 F  n; G  他建议说我们的班应该分成五个小组。
1 T$ B9 m/ A2 x. f6 w                     
" h. P/ ?( Z; `. _- f) s  He speaks to us as if he had been there.
$ U* a2 P  J" u" h                      : T" _# G4 a8 _. i2 U5 O0 Q# B" e
  他给我们讲的好象他去过那儿。 , c  o0 [' q% N0 L6 y. r% W
                      : f; [' j0 r& }# _' p4 U! p
  虚拟语气的用法
9 U% l9 g3 T$ h$ V$ @) c) V7 b                      1 O5 E3 _; V# Z4 F' L7 D
  1) 虚拟语气用在简单句中,表示祝愿,命令。 4 }' n& {& F: y0 P% b6 M
                      1 R( O: I* Z% {, W% [% o* g, Z
  May you be happy. 5 \* z* ^7 g6 t5 R& Y
                      5 ?* P! L$ ?5 j7 X( P* C' Z9 F- V
  祝你幸福。
0 w6 d' Z5 C& j' ^                     
7 |/ T: P7 |* B( O6 |# E& \  May you have a good time.
* W4 k, W  d1 _9 w: O% J3 G: q                     
# f% T/ {! y3 U& h; ^8 z4 X  e8 S. ]; Q  祝愿你玩的痛快。 ; N0 X0 _4 e/ ^1 }" N( G' O3 J& t
                      " R7 R0 u8 x  S. G* V; i
  May the friendship between us last long.
: J4 z0 W" Y4 K' n. h                     
+ |7 G( O9 p1 D3 ^$ i  祝愿我们的友情天长地久。
0 e7 u% ^- q7 c                     
) k; I8 {7 K* u$ F  Have a good journey!
4 g; U* ]' j  i0 p4 [                     
  i1 x* D" y2 W. E' l  b0 Y  祝愿你旅途愉快! ; C6 S+ ?4 j7 H
                     
: V: U6 x  p7 S) f  You go out! + n* t2 X8 d5 H3 A3 {( k" N
                      6 C0 o- G% {# q$ T0 r! z2 U. U
  你出去! ) i9 W0 {" x' s) ~* F
                   
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