俺发现老爱总结短语，以前发过一些关于短语的转贴，这次是自己在复习的时候总结的，还没总结完，暂时发这么多了，有问题的话，欢迎大家提出来:)
把这个加到“ 关于词汇/短语类－直通车”置顶链接去，方便大家查找。

I’ll let that comment slide. 我就当没听到这个回答。(一般来说当听到自己心情好的话时，或者对方不回答不正确时，就会用这句话。)
A. who can tell me what happened to the widows or widowers in the early 1800s?
B: I expect they died single.
A: I’ll let that comment slide.

Get a rise out of you 激怒
I’m not trying to get a rise out of you. I’m simply saying that these changes to the traditional role of marriage like you mentioned are not new.

Take sb by surprise 让某人吃惊
I can’t believe it. You’re really taking me by surprise.真是难以置信，你的话真令我吃惊。

In the dark 一无所知
I thought marriages have been decreasing steadily throughout time. I guess I’m in the dark about marriage.

Under the impression 在印象中
A:I was under the impression that marriages lasted forever a long time ago.
B: Don’t worry, you’re not alone. Many people are under that same impression.没关系，你不是唯一持这种说法的人。

More often than not经常地
More often than not, the cause was the early death of either the husband or wife.

A far cry (from)相当大的差异
Keep in mind that living standards, household and public sanitation and health were a far cry from what we have now.

Go on 继续。。。
Many widows and widowers went on to remarry.

Sit on the fence保持中立
In my opinion, both sides are correct, but it’s hard to sit on the fence with an issue like this.
依我看来，两种观点都有道理

Cut and dried 事先准备的，枯燥无味的
This is not a cut and dried issue. Let’s take our time and take a look at what some of the experts say.

Bear in mind v.记住=keep in mind
Bear in mind that this is work in progress.

leave out v. 省去, 遗漏, 不考虑

rule out   v   划去, 排除, 取消

single out挑选

scissors and paste剪刀加浆糊, 无创造性的工作
It is imperative not to turn your job into a “ scissors and paste” mosaic of  other people’s words and evidence.

at length最后, 详细地= in detail
Nor should you quote verbatim at length, even if you acknowledge the original author.

knock down击倒
Knocking down a feebly-made case (“a straw horse”) is not particularly impressive.

skate over掠过, 滑过
That author is skating over the surface of the question.

at all cost ( =at any cost)不惜任何代价, 无论如何
There is an academic tradition of avoiding the word “I” at all costs, as if using it jeopardizes academic detachment.

put forth放出, 发表, 颁布, 提出
Some zoologists and microbiologists have put forth a “Three R Solution” to this debate: replacement, reduction and refinement.

At a time每次, 在某时
At one time  同时, 曾经         
At times  有时, 不时

keep up with  跟上
You’re really keeping up with the latest information.

cross fingers交叉手指(迷信希望带来好运)
Let’s keep our fingers crossed that one day we won’t need to use animals.

Left up to 从。。。到。。。
Everything from the setting to the character descriptions is left up to the reader’s mind, and therefore can be quite enjoyable.从背景到人物性格描绘的所有一切都可以出现在读者的脑海中，因而可以非常有趣。

cut down to size降低威望
Our contemporary emphasis on relevance, usefulness, and innovation-as opposed to lasting values-all of these trends have cut idealism down to size.

do laps/go for a dip游泳
There are several times a day you can go for a dip                                         
I would like to do laps a couple of times a week if possible.

get hold of 抓住, 得到
As all of you know, all living things need resources to survive, whether for food or to provide shelter. Humans are just very good at getting hold of them.

as to 关于, 至于
Do any of you have an idea as to what percentage of the world’s important fish stocks are already overexploited? 大家知道实际重要的鱼类资源中有百分之多少被过渡利用了吗？

as if   
1.adv 好象
2. conj. 似乎，仿佛：As if that weren’t enough, the commercial bushmeat rare takes many rare wild species for luxury food.
Bushmeat means the meat of forest animals such as gorillas, elephants and chipanzees.
3. 相当于that：It seemed as if the meeting would never end. 看起来会议没完没了

put the brake on [口]对...加以延缓, 缩减, 限制
How can we put the brakes on this kind of runaway exploitation of our resources?
We need to get serious about trade restrictions, and fine those countries that trade in rare animals parts.
That’s certainly been tried, but has it done much to reduce the traffic?(注意表达方式)

The same goes for….对什么来说也是同样的。注意goes可以被替换，只要依据前面一个句子的动词。
If you catch fish faster than they can reproduce, there will be no fish for anybody to use in the future. The same goes for forests.

carry out 完成, 实现, 贯彻, 执行
this is how they learn new practical skills and they can practice them immediately while carrying out their chores.

Stay in touch with sb 与某人联系
I’m sure most of you stay in touch with your friends using your cell phones.

By leaps and bounds 飞跃地，非常快的
Mobile phones have come a long way since their introduction and have advanced by leaps and bounds in regard to technology.

In regard to sth  与某事/物有关的
Regarding 关于。。。
Another controversial issue regarding mobile phones is whether drivers should be able to talk on the phone.

Put aside 撇开, 储存...备用
Set aside 留出, 不顾, 取消, 驳回

hook up 勾结：形成某种联系或纽带
In Korea, many phones nowadays can even be hooked up to a small mobile TV.

over time随着时间的过去,同样的：over the years, months
Users of cell phones have also increased markedly over the years.

back up支持, 倒退,
Scientists back up this belief because they have known for many years that radio waves can cause heating of the skin and affect cells in the nervous system.

due to adv.由于, 应归于(后面一般跟的原因)

Due to these complaints, safety guidelines for working with powerful radio waves have been introduced.
They were unwilling to call the mobile phones ”safe” due to the need for more research.为了。。的需要

as a result  adv. 结果
As a result, the radio waves they emit are minimal. Although it is not specifically connected with any health issues, people are still concerned.

by and large adv.大体上, 基本上
By and large, studies have shown that mobile phones do not place adults at risk, unless they are driving and talking on the phone at the same time.

Place sb at risk 把某人置于危险

in order to +动词, 为了。。。
In order to satisfy critics who still think that mobile phones emit an excessive level of radio waves, the hands-free phone has gained support.

学对比：
The hands-free phone has many benefits including the decrease in strength of radio wave radiation due to the increase in distance of your head to the handset.
（写英语主要讲究平衡，学会平衡写作很重要:)）

rather than 两个用法－这个有很多人把它和rather混淆用，俺在给别人改作文的时候发现好几次，所以把这个也归纳在内了。
1、conj.（连接词）而不是…，而非…：Rather than holding your mobile against your ear, which increases your exposure to radio waves, you can now place it in your lap and still talk to someone with an ear-piece cable.
2. prep.介词）= Instead of: Diseases in which the immune system plays the villain rather than the protector(注意后面是跟的名词或动名词，且平衡)

对比这一种Rather的用法(注意后面跟的是动词，和前面的work是平衡的):  He had to walk or rather run to the office. 他得走着--应该说是跑着--去上班.

Rather（adv.）的用法：
1. 宁可：更愿意地；较合意地：I would rather go to the movies.（后面直接跟的动词，没有TO哦）
2. 更确切地；更精确地: He's my friend, or rather he was my friend.(后面跟的句子)
3. (通常表示批评、 失望或惊奇) 在一定程度上(用於形容词和副词之前):
We're having rather cold weather for June. 在六月里, 这样的天气未免有点冷.
4. 用於比较级之前: This hotel is rather more expensive than that. 这家旅馆的收费比那家贵得多.
5. 用於too之前: The exercise was rather too difficult. 这练习未免太难了
6. 或多或少; 有几分; 相当地: I rather suspect we're making a big mistake. 我有些怀疑我们可能犯了个大错.
7. 用以提出更确切的说法: I worked as a secretary, or rather, a typist. 我担任秘书工作, 说得准确些是打字员（rather可作插入语，后面也可以跟名词）.

In denial adv.否认
Both the sufferer and the caregiver are often in denial. 患者和照顾他们的人都经常否认。

So 后面跟倒装句子的用法之一：
These lines are information highways and when they disappear, so does short-term and then long-term memory（后面一部分的内容是和these lines相对应的）.
这些线是信息的通路，如果它们消失了，短期的记忆就会消失，然后长期的记忆也会消失。
While genetic propensity has a lot to do with chances of outwitting this life stalking disease, so do mental and physical habits, all through life, but more so in mid-life.(同样的，mental and physical habits 与genetic propensity相对应)遗传因素对战胜威胁人类的这种疾病的可能性有很大关系，但是一生中特别是中年时期的精神上、身体上的习惯也十分重要。

more so更是这样, 尤其如此

关于强调的表达法之一：
Dementia is a cruel, cruel disease where the individual is still in a healthy body, but not of a healthy mind.
注意这里的cruel用法，和where的用法（不是which）

Imagine 的小用法（用在句首）
Imagine not having a mind, not remembering where one was one instant and what happened a nanosecond ago.
想象一下，如果大家没有大脑，有一瞬间不记得在哪里，刚刚发生了什么事情也不知道。

Liken sth to sth把...比作
One gerontologist likened it to living in a room with no doors and no windows, no escape, no sense of time. A mental prison, the sufferer, is often oblivious too because he or she can’t remember.

Take heart振作,鼓起勇气
But take heart, the brain is a muscle and studies prove that like that other vital muscle, the heart, the brain also thrives on daily exercise and proper diet. 但是鼓起勇气。研究表明，大脑是肌肉，象心脏这样重要的器官一样，大脑也因日常锻炼和适当的饮食而生长。

Boomer generation 生育高峰期一代的人
This could explain why today’s boomer generation is busy doing mental workouts like crossword puzzles and playing bridge, as much as they’re jogging and counting carbohydrates. It’s mind over matter.
这就解释了为什么当今“生育高峰期出生的一代”忙于玩纵横字谜和打桥牌来进行智力运动，就像他们时常慢跑和测定碳水化合物量一样。精神很重要。

as much as  adv. 差不多（后面可以跟句子）
as well as  adv. 也, 又 （后面只能跟名词成分，不能跟句子）

on the flip way 另一方面=on the other hand

receive dialogue很多争论
Much like discrimination, freedom of speech can be seen as a controversial issue and receives a lot of dialogue.

Be taken for granted被认为是理所当然的
In democratic societies such as America, Canada and Europe, freedom of speech is sometimes taken for granted, but is still held sacred by law.

hold sacred 尊重, 保护

with a show of hand举手表明
With a show of hands, how many people here like sports?

Relate to与。。有关系
The report relates high wages to/with labor shortages该报告把工资高和劳动力短缺联系起来了。
Be related to sb 与。。有关系（属于同一家族的）
He is related to her by marriage 他与她是姻亲

Due 的形容词性用法
1．欠债的；欠付的 ：the amount still due. 欠付的款额
2．适当的：符合权力，惯例或礼貌的；due esteem; all due respect. 应有的评价；全部应有的尊敬
3．满足特别要求的；充分的：We have due cause to honor them. 我们有充分的理由给予他们荣誉
4．预定的，约定的Their plane is due in 15 minutes. 他们的飞机预定在15分钟后到达
5．被期望的；a long due promotion. 盼望已久的提升
作表语:
6.  应支付; 应给予; 欠下: ~ (to sb)  Have they been paid the money due to them? 他们是否已得到了应得的钱?
7. 应有; 应得到be~ for sth She's due for promotion soon. 她不久就要晋升了.  
8. be~ to sth/sb由某人[某事物]引起的; The team's success was largely due to her efforts. 该队的成功在很大程度上是由於她的努力.  
9. 须立即支付; 到期My rent isn't due till Wednesday. 我的租金星期叁才到期
10. 预定; 约定; 预期: be ~ (to do sth) His book is due to be published in October. 他的书预定十月份出版.
in due course adv. 及时地, 在适当时 Your request will be dealt with in due course. 你的要求将在适当时机予以处理.  

due to adv. 由于, 应归于=because of /owing to
Due to/Owing to the heavy traffic, he was late. 因交通拥挤, 他迟到了.

In accordance with 与什么一致

fall within属于，该当
Recently there has been controversy surrounding the statue as the state of New Jersey has argued that the statue actually falls within its boundaries rather than those of neighboring New York State.

as such adv.同样的
Each tornado is unique and as such they are never the same size but on average they are between 130-170 meters wide and can travel up to 90 kilometers per hour.

Lag behind落在后面

slack off松懈
If I see a co-worker of mine slacking off, I might begin to think to my self….

slip one's mind忘记

conjure up 召唤
Everyone knows the game of bingo, right? I’m sure it conjures up all kinds of ideas such as smoky halls with bad fluorescent lighting.

in a sense 在某种意义上
In a sense, welfare is correct, but your explanation is way out in left field.

way out in left field.忽略了另一个领域

go beyond v. 超出
This sector, accounting for 6 percent of all jobs in Europe, is made up of firms and organizations that have goals that go beyond making money.

take a turn for the worse变坏, 恶化
The already gloomy public mood took a turn for the worse when the Soviets placed the first man in orbit in 1961

Stand in the way of 妨碍,阻住...的路

Stand out 站出来, 突出, 坚持抵抗

Stand up for v. 支持

stick around v. 逗留, 坚持工作

stick with [口]坚持做(某事)

swoop down on  v. 猛扑向

switch gears，改变主题

And now class, let's switch gears and discuss a different topic

take the air 到户外

take the chair做主席, 主持会议, 开会

take the field开始作战, 开始比赛

take the floor[美](在会议上)发言

teem with v. 充满

than meets the eye一眼看不出来的

there is more the windows than meets the eye

there's nothing holding us back from…现在没有什么能够妨碍我们进行。。。

to and fro adv. 来回地, 往复地

to liven things up a bit活跃气氛

draw to a close v. 渐近结束
Materials that were transported by rail, truck, and canal was drawing to a close.

base upon 以。。为基础

as opposed to 与什么相反
Highly trained scientists and technicians were developing products based upon electronic devices as opposed to the tons of steel.这个地方可以用rather than来替代

be headed位于前列的

drop out of 退出
After dropping out of college, Smith turned a faltering airplane engine repair business into a stable business.

fit in with适合, 符合, 适应
Your idea of a case study of an economic development organization is a good one, and it fits right in with our course content.

write up详细描写, 补写...到最近日期, 写文章赞扬
I’ll do it then. I’ll write it up for next week.

Each other 和 one another的区别：（上次看到两个板油在讨论这个问题，也顺便总结了）
1．人们经常认为each other 应当用于表达两个个体间的相互关系， 而one another 表示两个以上的个体，
如：The twins dislike each other but the triplets dislike one another.  

2. 64%的用法使用小组成员认为他们在写作中遵守这条规则。但应当指出的是，许多著名作家，从约翰逊开始就忽略了这个规则，而用each other 来表示二个以上的人或物， 或用one another 表示两个也不能算错误。尤其是在一些上下文中each other 和 one another 在意义上有着微妙的差别。 当提及事件或阶段的有序系列时，one another 是更好的选择。The waiters followed one another into the room. 侍者一个接一个地进入房间

break all ties with与…断绝一切关系

brush against掠过

bulk manufacturing大量生产

bulletin board公告板

cast off丢弃，摆脱

cast off old clothing.扔掉旧衣服

[ 本帖最后由 tracy24 于 2006-10-4 09:33 编辑 ]

占座～～～

不厚道.

谢谢LZ. 挺有用.自己争取一天记一个.

这个弄的确实不错!

相当不错,tracy，佩服，我把页面复制下来复习

好东西啊

辛苦了，lz

恩,好多都在阅读和填空中见过,不错!好东西

3X

辛苦了哦～～很有用

值得学习

LZ真是尽职的版主

a simple question here:
what is the difference between sb's and one's?

谢谢楼主！

ＳＰ原创～

谢谢了，支持你一下了。

thanks,
up,up,up!!!!!!!!!!