10. Advertisement: For sinus pain, three out of four hospitals give their patients Novex. So when you want the most effective painkiller for sinus pain, Novex is the one to choose.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the advertisement's argument?
(A)        Some competing brands of painkillers are intended to reduce other kinds of pain in addition to sinus pain.
(B)        Many hospitals that do not usually use Novex will do so for those patients who cannot tolerate the drug the hospitals usually use.
(C)        Many drug manufacturers increase sales of their products to hospitals by selling these products to the hospitals at the lowest price the manufacturers can afford.
(D)        Unlike some competing brands of painkillers, Novex is available from pharmacies without a doctor's prescription.
(E)        In clinical trials Novex has been found to be more effective than competing brands of painkillers that have been on the market longer than Novex.
答案选C。我认为可以选B，C只是说many manufacturer,指向并不明确，而且B说明许多医院都是在患者不能适应他们的主流用药的情况下用N的，这个许多可以说明N所说的3/4医院中的，有很多水分

[ 本帖最后由 magicbabyg 于 2008-1-13 17:03 编辑 ]

15. A researcher studying drug addicts found that, on average, they tend to manipulate other people a great deal more than nonaddicts do. The researcher concluded that people who frequently manipulate other people are likely to become addicts.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the researcher's conclusion?
(A)        After becoming addicted to drugs, drug addicts learn to manipulate other people as a way of obtaining drugs.
(B)        When they are imprisoned, drug addicts often use their ability to manipulate other people to obtain better living conditions.
(C)        Some nonaddicts manipulate other people more than some addicts do.
(D)        People who are likely to become addicts exhibit unusual behavior patterns other than frequent manipulation of other people.
(E)        The addicts that the researcher studied were often unsuccessful in obtaining what they wanted when they manipulated other people.
我觉得A和D都可以。
答案是A

31. When a polygraph test is judged inconclusive, this is no reflection on the examinee. Rather, such a judgment means that the test has failed to show whether the examinee was truthful or untruthful. Nevertheless, employers will sometimes refuse to hire a job applicant because of an inconclusive polygraph test result.
Which of the following conclusions can most properly be drawn from the information above?
A     Most examinees with inconclusive polygraph test results are in fact untruthful.
B     Polygraph tests should not be used by employers in the consideration of job applicants.
C     An inconclusive polygraph test result is sometimes unfairly held against the examinee.
D     A polygraph test indicating that an examinee is untruthful can sometimes be mistaken.
E     Some employers have refused to consider the results of polygraph tests when evaluating job applicants.
为什么选C 而不是D。

10   用药的原因不是最有效果而是最便宜。。。
15题的d我觉得是无关的
31 og的解释是inconclusive不等于mistaken

谢谢小猪！
OG的解释都看了。15我可以接受了
关于10，你觉得B错在哪里？

还有31中，An inconclusive polygraph test result is sometimes unfairly held against the examinee，是不是有故意给应试者不公平测试的意思？译成中文应该怎样呢？

10题，我觉得通过读题，我们能看出来，第一个分句说的是，3/4的医院用Novex，后面的分句偷偷的替换了概念，把Novex说成是most effective painkiller ，这个才是我们应该攻击的逻辑缺陷。B来看，说的是某些医院不用的情况，这个其实并不能说跟题目完全有关系，更谈不上削弱了。你所说的你想攻击的3/4这个数字，这个思路是错误的，这可以说成是一个事实，并不是我们攻击的方向。

我觉得31里面说的这个，不是不公平测试的意思，是说这个错误（把诚实的测试者判断成不诚实的人）导致雇主错误的没有录用这个人，对考试的人来说，是起到了相反的作用。

这些题目有些我以前回答过了。

10 在这里：http://bbs.taisha.org/viewthread ... ;page=1#pid10114963

15 在这里：http://bbs.taisha.org/viewthread ... ;page=1#pid10218116

谢谢两位！其他都能理解了，但是10真的非常非常不能理解。关键C是说Many drug manufacturers，不一定是sinus的生产商。而B说明了很多医院使用sinus不是因为他是最有效，而是作为其他药的替代品，没有weaken3/4这个数字，而是weaken了这个数字得出的结论。

第十题不是 weaken，而是 most seriously undermine，比 weaken 强很多，就是能够推翻这个命题。

所以首先要看的，是命题到底是什么。这个命题就是说，Novex 是最有效的止痛药。证据是什么呢？广告说是因为四分之三的医院都用 Novex。那么哪项资料能够最彻底推翻这个命题呢？那就是 C 了。虽然 C 没有说是 Novex 的制造商，但是这样说 many drug manufacturers 的时候，在一般英文里面（不是数学的时候），就表示 Novex 的制造商很可能也是这样做。如果是这样的话，那么四分三的医院用 Novex 来止鼻窦炎的痛，那就多半不是因为 Novex 的药效比其他的止痛药好，而只是因为医院买 Novex 有折扣。正因为这样，所以这个命题的结论就非常可疑了，因为广告里面没有应付这个疑问。

B 的颠覆性没有 C 那么强，因为 B 所说的那个情况，表示 Novex 是有效的，所以不能釜底抽薪，破坏广告的论调。C 和 B 的不同就在此：C 说明大多数医院采用 Novex 的理由，很可能与药效无关。B 则说明是因为药效而采用，虽然不是医院的首选。所以 undermine 得厉害些的还是 C。

题目还有漏洞，就是如楼主所指出，many drug manufacturers 那里有被人 challenge 的地方。虽然在一般用语里面是没有问题的，但是为了不被考生与家长在考试后死缠烂打，还是明说是 the manufacturer of Novex 好些。

十分感谢！可以理解了
学习你的人品：），太可贵了：）