2 v9 t- M- B, x) J% G1 a, R2 D消化吸收障碍:Disorder of Digestion and Absorption - W$ ^! ^/ C5 @9 P3 D5 G/ z* y # q) ?8 O, ^: @0 [消化道先天畸形:Congenital Anomaly of Digestive Tract 4 Q2 w# K2 |9 T8 y. A2 q2 a F/ t7 \; k
先天性代谢障碍:Congenital Dysbolism 3 f8 W# U. j) v3 P4 V: K) l' h/ y+ ?1 _0 J. w8 ~
消化功能紊乱:Disorder of Digestive Function ; C, j) @& h- a1 K- }/ N1 g0 C
4 n- S) M D* o0 C2 b需求增多:Requirement Increases $ v2 e4 m) ~( V$ P# v8 Z( t: h+ t9 h1 v
生长发育迅速的时期:The period when children grow rapidly % e; R; S& D3 P6 M9 V b# D 5 \; {$ B/ F1 C疾病恢复期:Recovery Phase of diseases # e: x, r, X5 Q9 V. h , ]0 M( Y$ A6 n双胎或多胎:Twins or Multiplets 9 H/ O. y5 I# J7 K, w; [5 C
Q0 k" y( p8 v a E8 n3 J早产:Premature . E, T( X2 A! N9 b2 d) s8 p: o# W% S6 r6 w# H4 v
消耗性疾病Consumptions . g1 U4 k4 g/ \7 p* ^) I5 c5 z
* Z7 E5 z- M" a) O# j9 ?
病理生理:Pathophysiology ) g2 n b8 `, U6 z. ?& E 8 d$ I3 Z$ M6 l9 B代谢异常:Dysbolism # b0 R$ p7 f9 B0 i* ?3 U
" u! D" i; F+ S& }- `( x体温调节:Thermoregulation , \5 p9 t. \4 W2 a' S' E" i u
7 I6 G, G0 p$ A7 ]8 X机体各系统功能低下:Incapacity of Body Systems # {* Q R+ J$ h
; o1 f9 j5 v* T+ C7 w! P/ |9 S消化系统:Digestive System ! v6 D3 ?: O! N' ~% [7 A
9 a- P7 O7 b9 W3 T& ?7 s3 o f) o
循环系统:Circulatory System 7 j3 ]8 x6 ]/ |4 j& e1 X ! \/ t7 P. p" H泌尿系统:Urinary System + N# j/ M( A9 M" K' {8 [
; n* r' t/ B4 b3 Q; I4 }% y
神经系统:Nervous System % ]9 e; V' [8 G- \4 i: L) ` 5 d4 i! Q% A8 P- h8 J- ?免疫系统:Immune System 3 L: a/ `( T t $ }. o6 {1 c, }% Q2 Z1 @+ M临床表现:Clinical Situation # G3 r" T) m3 m- h M/ J; c' H4 ~. v' Y8 k
8 {4 G8 _" D7 z8 A: X3 p
皮下脂肪Subcutaneous Fat 6 v, U1 Q. T4 b* c k( T% F7 l
. O7 A8 K( _8 ` H5 }5 v5 E
腹Abdomen - U* J; T" @* G b% K5 S9 @ O/ K& G( F/ b- h% a
躯干Trunk ; C2 P8 P( H% c8 X, Y 3 @5 N& Y; ]# C. \$ N9 O臀Breech - A6 d& p0 b. i% R
' H* t& \9 X# ^3 T9 c. d
四肢Extremities `3 G$ V R0 }/ h
: n f7 a; A5 @4 f! v R: K1 e干燥Dehydration 5 Z% {8 s, K8 E% ~ 8 e, ?6 P& k# `8 v7 i- {3 x苍白Pale; ; f s9 |; h0 { 2 [% p, h) i j8 a! c y* x肌肉Muscles : |6 |+ A' y- z* \9 y8 p & |6 e- h; U" T松弛Laxity 3 B. v$ a+ ~ e. ]8 b1 A6 w( w # X: X2 w) L. s8 ?萎缩Atrophy; - C D0 X: S, W6 }" T4 L
8 M3 J5 ~7 d+ v7 u+ y: p
精神状态Mental Status ' _, j; l8 \9 L9 b
8 { E) k0 C5 J萎靡Dispirited $ }6 h5 L- s; C. }) n! t! H/ s2 a2 z6 A6 M: U% K1 _3 a7 i
反应差Low Response; 7 w+ W7 [7 b* f4 l ( s' F# T8 |1 g' Z+ p$ r# M全身症状General Symptoms 0 A$ _5 d$ f+ }% a - ?! _; h- C3 A4 ^% r# j并发症:Complication 2 ]8 u3 m( g) r" }0 E' t7 M. M" ?
' w) G+ P9 |, C8 \2 n
营养性贫血:Nutritional Anemia 7 |& x! t/ ?9 h. q ^% F& m) {8 @( A! S
各种维生素缺乏症:Various Kinds of Avitaminosis . [* b. w) x; ?2 y0 C - q$ r8 _' P$ L, ~感染:Infections ; s: \ ^6 M; ^- K
% ?6 ]! M% m3 X/ T
低血糖:Hypoglycemia ) V& F8 C, q `" K \# D4 B. {$ K/ k8 u5 f+ h
诊断标准:Standard of Dignosis : p$ X" C1 P3 N+ Z( F3 E+ y" W6 w( U m; J1 E. r# t1 p
分型:Types - o s* C1 }- l$ I$ I# }
- h4 y( x5 B$ Y* X
分度:Degrees + l! w- P1 Z% o9 [8 [# y! d( b$ H5 I ) Y% `. P L; n! h. s实验室检查:Laboratory Examination % D! R$ r! |7 Q4 K: P" ]
+ b# M: C, D: @2 I/ s5 h鉴别诊断:Differential Diagnosis / I+ J6 Y! p6 `
4 I- z$ l2 I: \% b& X Y
治疗原则:Therapeutic Principle 0 n p5 X: e- K3 S# @* Z4 b% t" t- q" c9 j0 D- p
综合治疗Comprehensive Treatment . r' x0 ?" k7 u; ~1 q) G+ A v0 u4 a( W
治疗方法:Therapeutic Method " R2 P% l. l$ n/ c' I: V& ?3 w- Y! E) K" l6 C, ^6 ~5 r
积极治疗原发病:Cure the Primary Disease / [1 z! o. O, T/ V) g% n$ n5 C l4 T }# u* t- ~
饮食治疗:Diet Therapy + a+ m: ~$ |# {8 k' s2 Y! @
% x& m2 |7 k6 l6 d. G, ?2 i% K9 {' g9 L, h/ \" v( _! E9 z
药物治疗:Drug Treatment $ K0 h7 v: J6 G5 n
! E6 w4 H5 s- A9 x
支持治疗:Supporting Therapy # t1 G9 ?0 \9 G/ ]% U$ f; C
: R& e. M' m! `5 c危重症处理:Treatment in Crises & D4 X7 k+ W1 u) S4 f3 H8 ^* Z2 L # w! \2 @8 Z5 C+ Y% _. w6 Q( E度营养不良伴腹泻时的治疗Severe Malnutrition companied by Diarrhea: ! q2 f0 H! s$ X. ]0 h2 z
8 d1 }( a8 s% \1 z. `% p9 V& o( i营养不良性水肿的治疗Nutritional Edema: ! D" B% g1 Y) `2 w, b4 M, z/ P% C( ]" [) K( u. x2 F S
蛋白质缺乏综合症(恶心营养不良综合症)Kwashiorkor ( _* E' v" C1 y1 a% `$ K6 y ( u. R/ ^% C0 ^# E添加辅食:Instruction of solid food # h7 m, K% s$ `2 b7 b( J4 L
/ k& T. b& S* E2 x睡眠充足:Sufficient Sleeping : i8 D' b$ ~7 L; D5 g
7 w- t- @& s z1 ^9 J
防治先天性疾病和小儿急性传染病:Prevention and Treatment of Congenital Diseases and Acute Infectious Diseases 2 i |: o2 J3 {) l/ G+ i8 f& v& M
孕期保健与产前诊断:Health Care in Pregnancy and Prenatal Diagnosis $ P' A% u; s( }. l) h$ x& h. s5 N
" T+ t, K% _+ \7 R: t8 n新生儿筛查:Neonatal Screening 7 a4 i: F2 T) n2 r \
# S' X" z% b {' p, r
治疗先天性疾病:Cure Congenital Diseases ; J& ]$ J! Q9 |* v4 z6 x' H3 z [- P4 \/ N
按时预防接种:Vaccination on time 7 B1 r9 j" m9 U4 s. }6 E $ m4 A9 _ F+ g* m定期体格检查:Regular Physical Examination . X* Z$ Q- e+ J
4 w$ J! Y/ M" b1 y7 \* [; }+ {营养障碍性疾病Dystrophy ; `& \# ^: j. W( r) i
) o) g: W n3 Fgenetic effect # H. a2 j& Z( X3 d
! U7 q3 J3 f& f7 Y# x* v: G) s; p
hemopoietic and blood system 造血和血液系统 ! L$ g- P+ f6 ~
! Z5 S6 S' Z( k' ihemopoietic stem cell . i/ i' o$ C y/ e
! t" v/ R6 ~3 ~% b# ]5 ^3 C" a) j
human radiation cytogenetics 人体辐射细胞遗传学 4 b9 s/ k# L( |7 K$ N/ t( c2 ]1 v2 C# m2 G- ^
indirect effect 间接作用 4 d3 T) ^/ @2 @# B E8 S9 b
" z8 [, N0 r5 U0 s( m
internal contamination 内污染 % N& Q: u" r9 v8 S: L
% K u( i: U, r- y; jinternal exposure 内照射 " V2 j/ E# c/ x0 \; K$ {3 I
8 m/ N# x |! O1 I
interphase death 间期死亡 $ ?3 X5 a( T! v( V1 s* }4 _
6 I" }" w6 |. u& J
interstitial deletion 中间缺失 $ y! O# Z9 E. ?, n2 k. w
3 s. V* _/ O6 `' @1 r8 K! f9 h& qionization 电离 3 b9 h# V# B& P- \! S
! V8 b! B1 C1 h6 M. N/ S! F
ionization density 电离密度 u% t% m4 `/ v. e # ?& k+ A: Y0 Gionizing radiation 电离辐射 9 a) b) y) Z4 c+ n- g1 [( w
& j" X; X* A6 K& Y6 Z
isotope 同位素 $ y# q1 k2 W( {
; U' n2 @: O1 U) J4 H, L' P
local radiation injury 局部性放射损伤 - a1 T( @/ T* |: }3 |
8 U2 s G) o" M, U" v' [( z5 dmean lethal dose 平均致死剂量 & l- x: F1 }/ r% J! g. e# m. z, [5 v' c8 `3 j( [2 P. R7 Z
medical radiobiology 医学放射生物学 . K' A1 E2 c* L* K
3 N' p; C" J( [) sminute 分,微小体 " I& ~$ @# i3 A- V f# G: h8 i- x: f1 G+ m* o0 q
mutagen 诱变剂 ' h- p& G, Z+ I4 d7 M! e8 x" _$ |/ w, K& B/ a
mutation rate 突变率 ' n J$ p; N$ ]: p- [. Q- s
( s% f; O3 l- E+ qCVP central venous pressure 中心静脉压 $ t' e$ p a' F7 w: e) w 4 A( z1 o, Z$ R5 q# t0 t. O" b% v; t- B; w, i2 I
DC diagonal conjugate 对角径 & r- s$ ?9 t. R" S
p$ F, |4 o- O2 u k4 P
D&C dilatation and curettage 刮宫术 4 Q- X. A0 m' S g( _$ X# ~8 j' P/ S! l* j
DES diethylstilbestrol 己烯雌酚(乙菧酚) ' P& f0 U, m1 d
! `2 L+ e8 n1 D' T$ i3 ?& oFDP fibrinogen degradation product 纤维蛋白原降解产物 ( W- ` @. A# E, U. q! w- R- a/ k1 x6 b! |
FECG fetal electrocardiography 胎儿心电图 3 C& ^( g5 @8 q( q" [5 o I
( H+ U3 ]4 d( }" ^/ ]% WFHR fetal heart rate 胎心率 . V% B& n; F/ j5 X# t* C e
q8 R( a8 D. P7 n9 T
FIGO Federation International of Gynecology and Obstetrics 国际妇产科协会 ' _# s: g; t8 i9 m; t E' y4 ]
9 _1 d- Z% z8 m! _& [HTLv human T lymphotrophic virus type (人)嗜T细胞病毒重型 / h( p9 c4 N2 O- I7 k, U9 `5 Q. f1 z
HSV herpes simplex virus 单纯疱疹病毒 % c6 q; f6 o% t5 v4 v1 J0 N! A$ O2 C2 H' D% k" \- j6 C
H-Y antigen histocompatibility Y antigen 组织相容性Y抗原 : J5 x+ ?7 n4 p4 [
+ K& }5 L) M+ \% F mtop # V/ s, K6 q! y% k' m& n) c2 y# B5 W( _( b: @
IC intercristal diameter 髂嵴间径 # `& E" p$ {' C9 \/ x4 |% Q' u
; i3 b! X/ s9 PICP intrahepatic eholestasis of pregnancy 妊娠肝内胆汁淤积症 ?7 l! }+ E" ~+ n; g6 D
) r7 S6 Q# f) y# AIFN interferon 干扰素 5 @6 Y5 Z9 d' m1 A- }7 ?0 M6 B; P
9 b) o$ c5 \( [# I% G
Ig immunoglobulin免疫球蛋白 * F/ X0 J; Z+ ^
7 h/ x- U/ l5 [* C! q5 VIHM invasive hydatidiform mole 侵蚀性葡萄胎 A& |( |: H- o2 m( U C 6 J5 u3 O$ }6 ~5 P. oIL interleukin 白细胞介素 # Q/ C- R" `7 w1 W: |; ] ; _9 ~+ G4 ?5 o. qIRDS idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome 特发性呼吸窘迫综合征 , M! O2 P8 F( i \ ! y: X" N ~! L# t) B: qIS interspinal diameter 髂棘间径 : e6 c" C, a h* B8 _: g4 z1 n: u6 D" ~+ F
IT intertrochanteric diameter 粗隆间径 ! t3 m8 ?# U1 l2 M& K
# D6 K( r4 z% x9 @% Z$ \ UIU,iu international unit 国际单位 8 x& ]+ a: o+ O $ T: H2 F m, m$ I5 MIUD intrauterine device 宫内节育器 - B I+ L( Y, R/ A) O7 I. ]6 z& y( E" J, s3 V
IUGR Intrauterine growth retardation 宫内发育迟缓 $ R0 y6 F- Z7 }) l. ]1 x; W' R+ M: s' q' H& ?
IVF-ET in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer 体外受精与胚胎移植 3 y" u9 S" D M: {. b
! L, K! l7 o! J- h0 |! [* U VPalv-Pc alveolar pressure-capillary pressure 血管腔内与腔外压力差 . U( `( O K: y * G* |( w/ K3 }) o$ d; b& f, f1 ^% i, S; ^9 ^5 g
PV pressure of vein 静脉端压力 0 Z+ j6 D* W% U8 C) A
' L. L; v; S+ |& a p+ f
" z k2 e2 J4 T6 ?; XPLA left atrial pressure 左房压 8 a- j7 q# A) V/ ?2 S% p - V# K; L% H3 D; N1 A* p; c , \! w5 @% w* e9 X, n, SFiO2 fraction of inspire O2 吸入气中氧浓度分数 # A N) J: ]" g* M: \$ n
4 d3 e/ _0 l3 I- A% s/ D& g) s
3 ~# J( {( S, L6 l4 s- h
R respiratory exchange ratio 呼吸交换指数 1 R: f! [" s, n% i& r6 C$ y9 h0 O; i9 D2 {1 x( U% y
( F6 a0 @" Q; S3 q* iCVO2 oxygen content of mixed blood 混合静脉血氧含量 , V& _$ e' @, l1 W: C s: }+ m: E/ T- B! t. V3 O4 x+ B
: Q6 o7 Z# ?8 x1 u/ p0 G, i: L5 ~" C* t
Q volume of blood 血容量 , H( v/ q" M) \- Z
. C5 t8 |% r1 t M8 F1 O' x6 o, z& f8 j0 S$ ?4 C7 V
rate of blood flow 血流速率 ) W2 }# S- @* C' f$ B2 u" f2 ~( I+ |& w j) M( K4 c8 J
7 w( _) ]8 N9 R( X; [V gas volume in general(pressure,temperature,and water vapor tension ( ?9 X; q# [, N9 b6 k/ M : j' }9 r( o& X) R " F( E9 B4 H r4 I, p" h+ h! K, w0 U1 pmust also be given) 总气量 + }/ F0 w5 O( w, ^) ]
: q! C: Z$ Q- t: f! E 2 z, A3 J1 v. C% zgas volume per unit time;rate of gas flow 单位气流量,通气速率 , T* K! A. y0 M* ]3 l( f1 z& i. |
! m" A! K9 W7 `% v% d! h2 z
& r* R7 y( _ N9 W" SFAO2 fraction of alveolar oxygen 肺泡分氧浓度分数 ' P/ C9 d% m# Q3 Y ?; t- Q+ P( | 5 b5 `7 [% _( p" g) o, c! \0 U* Q( Q: y F0 y8 Y1 f
T tidal gas 潮气 # t6 ?9 R6 I3 F9 t1 t4 a/ F+ t/ J& q2 D