Whether it be bird, (may/might 省略,让步句型,=be it bird)fish or beast, the porpoise is intrigued with anything " M0 o- n: V3 V5 l' f8 D8 ?- s
that is alive. They are constantly after 追逐the turtles, the Ferdinands (背景故事,一条倍受凌辱的bull, 受气包)of 3 k& y7 b4 G0 ?( U9 c; [( S
marine life, who peacefully submit to all sorts of indignities. One young
2 |! o4 y* _" a$ x' \! h4 ?calf (不到一岁的小动物都叫calf)especially enjoyed raising a turtle to the surface with his snout (long mouth)and
; {, ~& t) x' D, i. Bthen shoving him across the tank水池 like an aquaplane.  Almost any day a young
; ~# c7 D9 B8 jporpoise may be seen trying to turn a 300-pound sea turtle over by sticking / ~$ Z7 e3 Q  J
his snout under the edge of his shell and pushing up for dear life. This % @8 x- F9 O9 i$ X2 V
is not easy, and may require two porpoises working together. In another $ K1 y1 J0 N/ o) h3 K
game, as the turtle swims across the oceanarium, the first porpoise swoops 0 g- X6 `( A% M% R- u
down from above and butts his shell with his belly. This knocks the turtle 5 G, t- f- }8 n+ r
down several feet. He no sooner recovers his equilibrium than the next porpoise & t7 W' W8 s9 @1 i; D
comes along and hits him another crack. Eventually the turtle has been butted # t8 @/ Z1 n; q
all the way down to the floor of the tank. He is now satisfied merely 4 B! @# l! I2 G, z, g4 D
to try to stand up, but as soon as he does so a porpoise knocks him flat.
7 u$ N4 ^$ E; u/ I$ ~# ~4 jThe turtle at last gives up by pulling his feet under his shell and the 6 `4 W$ `9 ~  e' ]
game is over.
4 B0 e7 W, \1 F, F, qRalph Nading Hill Window in the Sea    # b% V# [% Q+ u8 I7 z

( w2 ]  n3 t% PHe scarcely recovers when….
- M* k$ n% A# Q% v% hScarcely does he recover when…. 倒装
: j" Q% {# I$ |6 {/ `6 S) @5 W7 [% L0 m- m2 K
Marine product 海产品( _0 k5 C! a$ B5 J* X
A+ words….   表语词 afloat, adrift, ashore, asleep
5 L: s* Z; o6 S. ^# {( C8 m8 e% ]) \7 e
Scent---身体发生的味道
" t+ E! q( Z) F. b; l+ UFragrance –flower, tree, grass,    fragrant hills 香山' I+ l8 j: `* ~4 h1 [! M
Aroma ---- 强烈的味道
, B4 A/ x  }  t- B- XPerfume---(aroma  可以用)% D* x" t7 `; s1 t
  |6 W: p+ q4 K% ^" R! {, K+ v) n
Ensue year—来年, following year
5 y! v( z1 ?' ~& KPreceding year, 前年
6 M( S/ }' h% e1 X" v( b% A- B
: F9 v' U% c5 g/ E% RIntrigue---引起兴趣,常用新闻体journalism2 F: D4 p" t; ]& _( \% u
Arrest/capture/seize/grab  +  attention
0 P1 s5 e* K8 t5 J2 H+ ZThe event is intriguing 文体强.(=interesting)
. G0 a, Y; I' I& X7 b: I
/ W4 Y5 C3 z9 G0 zDignity<>indignity( p* p1 u1 U5 P" k
It is beneath his dignity for a gentleman to lie.1 [! ~. W) |6 H
Stand on one’s dignity
( @6 d8 J: @" Q  WHe stood on his dignity by rejecting the money his boss gave him.% g1 s- b& }7 E
It is indignity to say sorry in public.

Lose face (口), humiliate , insult+ L3 U+ I( a/ }: P9 Y; g) b0 Z
: o' i" y8 O! x0 n8 J# M, h
There was much shoving 硬推on getting on the bus.
; @; r# Z- ~) y# eHe shoved to the ground.. H$ Q) E  w0 o1 t

) q. h' m! Q+ J* \- K% U& t0 g7 {, pI got the wrong end of the stick. 我不懂- z- X, b; g0 l# A' K; j
I stick at home.
2 E+ I+ y9 c' Z5 L- B$ `I stick to my words.( U8 Q! `: f8 {+ G  n5 u
I am stuck on the movie. 迷恋6 K. j8 Y' E' u, h' E0 c) u- C2 I0 N
The bad habit sticks to me.
, D+ m) v1 A/ R* D& i6 q
8 \  y1 o' @* Y& ^; FBone and shell script
! t  q4 q' w0 LFor dear life  拼命地
% _$ L( Z" s- _# I1 u' V) z$ GChase sb for dear life.
8 c6 A! ?" y0 u/ ]: {2 GNatural/greatest/dear enemy 不共戴天的 仇人
- Y5 L. F; N- E' q狮子,老虎的扑------pounce' B! g2 g/ d6 v) U- ?: x; r
海洋动物的扑----swoop
7 U7 F9 L7 g% D3 n
. G; y1 Z' ^/ t' q5 o- qI butt him in the stomach. 一头僵局2 G3 I3 G# A" H1 |% U, ?0 [& `
Can I butting ? = interrupt& y% y+ `# g$ i
Belly laugh 笑的肚子疼9 [. J$ m1 U" P: g
Abdomen 医学用语9 }& x( t5 ~; T6 z6 X
Paunch 大腹便便2 |3 d$ C, S' ]) b
- g& S. s4 ]+ G+ O+ x
Crack English 练英语8 m8 h6 n- w1 Y& @7 O' r! [
Crack case 破案9 Z  |: e2 p: N4 c. M1 f, X
Crack bottle 开瓶
* l: R) x8 f( A7 JCrack smile 绽放笑容
+ z' A3 S5 r. fCrack book 读书
% e* P9 b* V* j7 u4 J
/ p/ c2 U" \8 S Defensive 防御<>offensive 进攻
! y! y% h% S3 t7 Y8 F! R4 W/ p0 n. @Out of instinct
  D% l# N$ I! j4 s* UOut of conscience

Lesson 23
0 }, J6 e0 C, q6 A" V" B& W
7 u$ V. k% E' D" U4 O　　It is fairly clear that the sleeping period must have some function, / K. C0 M6 ?/ `$ L/ r2 T5 e' u; Y
and because there is so much of it(sleeping) the function would seem to
9 A+ z. ^: U5 j, Q( dbe important. Speculations(猜测) about its nature have been going on for , O8 B5 b8 s" Z
literally(actually) thousands of years, and one odd finding that makes the
2 }) j9 h  s6 {! M% xproblem puzzling is that it looks very much as if(虚拟) sleeping is not
5 H0 M$ B# ?+ S4 @! Ssimply a matter of giving the body a rest.' Rest ', in terms of muscle relaxation ! t0 r0 E( F) v+ z1 l( g: h
and so on, can be achieved by a brief period of  lying, or even sitting
" v  f% `: t* f9 N0 Q  ]3 T$ r- _down. The body's tissues are self-repairing (self-correcting/self-adjusting) 9 e$ _4 S2 H. X8 H
and self-restoring to a degree,(in a sense/to some extent) and function
3 u2 ~1 I8 v* e2 O* }& R6 Fbest when more or less continuously active. (省略了主语tissues 和谓语are。  x2 j' @  M8 G2 B. p
如果出现when/if/though句型做状语从句，而主语的主，谓语与从句的主，谓语相; }, e; [2 }5 z7 _& B
同，则从句的主，谓语可以省略。如： I got to the school though(I was 可省3 \9 X1 d: i, M+ M9 E4 Q7 I
) late ) In fact a basic amount of movement occurs during sleep which is / e9 v5 d+ |) l. J$ b7 Z5 t1 F% l
specifically concerned with ( be about有关)preventing muscle inactivity. : C. S, l" \$ b! y0 _# f3 j  t$ I

9 j( w: F+ @9 n9 l$ i　　If it is not a question of resting the body, then perhaps it is the
. u. s% v# j7 Zbrain that needs resting? This might be(虚拟) a plausible hypothesis were
* I( `1 d5 r2 X! cit not for (倒装=if it were not for rug如果不是因为=but for 例：If it were
- `% @3 u3 Z; ?1 R' qnot for his timely help, .../ But for his timely help,.....I would not survive
; ]! w2 y9 _/ Q5 N: E* P  @)two factors. First the electroencephalograph (which is simply a device
/ s2 G3 O! t7 W& v6 [/ pfor recording the electrical activity of the brain by attaching electrodes
% ~/ o* I' P: z7 d2 P3 f! f  Ito the scalp) shows that while there is a change in the pattern(type: lie % z- T0 y2 a1 B9 }0 k6 X+ \
flat/lie on one's side/lie on stomach) of activity during sleep, there is 5 K/ s: [) R! M0 E
no evidence that the total amount of activity is any less. The second factor
- r- K) _- f8 dis more interesting and more fundamental.(基本就是重要的意思) In l960 an 4 v: X# E+ W, t$ x
American psychiatrist named William Dement published experiments dealing
$ g* [$ A2 w5 c7 t, pwith(be concerned with) the recording of eye-movements during sleep. He
2 D2 h- w! M6 a6 k% _& ^showed that the average(common) individual's sleep cycle is punctuated(时% j* F7 o, s4 n# v- I$ p. W. D7 E
时有东西干扰) with peculiar bursts of eye-movements, some drifting(指 some 8 \7 ~1 ?8 R' `. I+ j
movements) and slow, others jerky and rapid. People woken during these periods ) b2 R; h# a# a# \1 ?$ `6 R
of eye-movements generally reported that they had been dreaming. When woken / q7 d: c* Q  i  v* Z
at other times they reported no dreams. If one group of people were disturbed
' t5 \9 W6 b' m8 Kfrom their eye-movement sleep for several nights on end, and another group 4 a  T6 T! M+ [" y$ r
were disturbed for an equal period of time(同样时间) but when they were
; t9 S: j' r) |$ Tnot exhibiting eye-movements, the first group began to show some personality
# m0 K- J) [, D: vdisorders while the others seemed more or less unaffected. The implications
, x) x/ u0 Z7 p& m5 J% Wof all this were that it was not the disturbance of sleep that mattered,
9 m0 r' j/ d7 r" C1 Tbut the disturbance of dreaming.  
& A4 b5 A( z5 z5 {dream teller 解梦palm reader
2 V6 t; G/ V0 p: ~! h) o' s( Qbe concerned about 关心

Lesson 24
) K* [5 K, R6 L" F
! [1 o0 g+ `7 Z$ d: a- d$ O/ n　　walking for walking’s sake纯粹是为了散步 may be as/so(=such a ....thing)
2 V2 b7 @1 c8 Y# Z2 g* \ highly laudable and exemplary典范 a thing as it is held(认为的正式用法：
% A% k; j6 l  _: Ymaintain/view/argue/hold/) to be by those who practise it.(简单点： Walking % t* R" a; p4 R- `4 b& L( G# C
for ......is ...thing which is held to be .......) My objection to it is
8 X. S: y2 }  R: f/ R; `0 jthat it stops the brain.(表达自己观点的句子不要超过10个单词，cuz your mind - T$ w# {4 `2 l2 a/ F
is mudded 混了， 套从句不要超过2-3个) Many a man (后面加名词复数，但谓语动5 v' }  @  \$ D4 |- R
词用单数： many a time/many an occasion/many a thing)has professed to me " u! h% e1 v/ Z. N) Q* n' k8 W
that his brain never works so well as when he is swinging along the high * @  i" X$ T$ t) D, |! B6 P' I( Q: n
road(high mountain road山路) or over hill and dale. This boast is not confirmed 9 r* g+ v) h7 L
by my memory of anybody who on a Sunday morning has forced me to partake . }8 T( ^4 j4 r5 p9 {7 G& ?' F& Q# z
of his adventure.(介词OF 后面的句子是介词宾语) Experience teaches me that
+ x: N- O8 S( t# Cwhatever a fellow-guest(共同赴宴的人，fellow worker 同事， fellow actor
  f& Y; ^4 X% |9 Q演员搭档)may have of power (=whatever of power a fellow-guest may have )to
& W) ?, t( @# ?instruct or to amuse when he is sitting in a chair, or standing on a hearth-rug,
. O! q+ I9 X* [: O0 `壁炉前的一块地毯 quickly leaves him when he takes one out for a walk. The 7 E* R: O+ S& L; D
ideas that come so thick and fast 丰富迅捷的to him in any room, where are
3 A: s' Z/ w* w: r* {3 ]& b2 ^( F- Tthey now? (上句没有谓语，名词或名词短语+问句，是感叹句： Women, who can live them? Women, who can live without them? The man, who I respect and love so " Q5 L& u. K9 E* b5 u  m
much, where is he how?) where that encyclopedic knowledge which he bore拥
' f8 n* \, I+ x有的 so lightly? Where the kindling 象火花般fancy奇思妙想 that played(play...
& F: b( }0 Z) s& I.over:对......发挥作用=function) like summer lightning over any topic that 4 O/ v2 T- N  x; d' |
was started？The man's face that was so mobile(expressive) is set(rigid + q& x" c, f4 C, S7 X, c' W2 `
僵化了) now; gone is the light生气勃勃的活力 from his fine(fine arts原指：' r' }/ A1 U- e$ W/ Y/ e; v5 h
工笔艺术) eyes.锐利的眼神 He says that A (our host) is a thoroughly good # I/ O- ^; Z8 A5 c
fellow. Fifty yards further on(going on), he adds that A is one of the best
. w# J# G/ W- D) j) K* b4 ?fellows he has ever met. We tramp another furlong of so, and he says that
- o8 A! T# E+ B* dMrs A is a charming woman. Presently he adds that she is one of the most
, e# m7 |7 N( C" y0 l3 `7 Ccharming women he has ever known. We pass an inn. (tavern: 最脏的小旅馆)He
; E1 l7 J$ A' C( h+ ~1 L  Vreads vapidly aloud to me： ‘The King’s Arms. Licensed to sell Ales and
/ G! K0 t! O; [. U! e- e0 {Spirits.’ I foresee猜想 that during the rest of the walk he will read aloud 5 i- }8 ~2 t$ Z/ d- W$ P
any inscription that occurs. We turn a sharp corner急转弯 at the foot of % |" u9 ?% h7 k6 P( y* R6 M/ f
the hill. He points at the wall, and says ‘Drive Slowly.’ I see far ahead,
; ~; @0 S8 T4 h& con the other side of the hedge bordering与什么相连 the high road, a small
  t5 I# q: \8 X  {* P0 O0 Q/ ]notice-board.提示牌 He sees it too.  He keeps his eye on it. And in due
5 A4 L5 ~$ [# R6 mcourse(就在那一刻=at the very moment) ‘Trespassers,’ he says, ‘will be   q3 l1 p$ j# O+ E$ G3 n+ Q
prosecuted.’ Poor man! ━mentally a wreck. 纯粹是个废人
! h' R* C0 W; K. ]2 L. T: d" ^9 L* T9 _5 N+ z
enjoy the scenery of both sides.+ o0 u* p  \3 w9 `6 r0 h" _
for..... sake= for the sake of
) E, w2 ~4 [! Nfor old sake's sake

He objects to /be oppose to /take exception to反对this suggestion./ q1 t, j( Z2 L
Mom objects to this match 婚事
3 A- X' z7 `3 c/ k5 r; ilaud/praise 赞扬) q2 M  O9 Z6 V% s( ~& A
laud sb to skies 把某人捧上天
, K( Y! r" C- D( m  Y% i7 F- nexalt: eulogize, hail; u1 w' j4 t% n6 h& M. l
Bush hailed the sound relationship between China and U.S
+ T$ Y! }- o7 C( m) ~* a7 a2 b2 ^ode 赋：9 V- q8 \' W0 x9 A* h2 \
If winter comes, can spring be far behind?
4 S; d- }: j4 E  m6 ylaudable6 p+ l6 l( [% d4 Z+ u
praiseworthy 值得称赞的
. E. @, q" t7 jadmirable 值得仰慕的
. Y9 Y7 T! S! e# c5 j
5 t9 P3 q4 r# p( b- C4 J7 l声称： profess---He professed himself to be a Christian0 F$ C( j, v: k' c; i, d
              announce: make public / b2 e$ o1 z5 {
           declare通过法规来宣称----declare the war on Japan
3 j& N" I! q" U% k            I declare the opening of the Game.2 z) w8 R/ Y% }! ]. b
溜达： stroll- I stroll on the street.
0 Q$ J; P. r9 Z+ `; L$ S        ramble/prome`nade 漫步 I take my dog to promenade.
" y+ G* R# r2 p6 hhe is very encyclopedic./comprehensive/all-inclusive/embracive/all ranging 4 U5 ]- Y/ J+ A, c7 G9 C
知识丰富/ O5 q0 o4 ?* M3 M! U( c& a+ x- `
乏味：vapid/banal/colorless/toneless/dull/lifeless /monotonous.
- @7 H) m7 v' H. u0 q1 M9 [5 k* o( T" S" {准许：permit/license(书面的)He permits me to go/ license plate.
* d" |( S9 W9 ?  j9 T
9 S- c0 {. n( C, x; h$ V. Uinvader侵略者infringer侵权者/offender法律上犯罪者/trespasser  侵犯者6 |/ a: v( O& M' a! g

6 z( i) T0 c) p+ H4 z) O- \I am a wreck of my former self 身体一天不如一天1 U/ \0 L, j( g3 H
my health goes bad to worse
* A2 W. Z6 M5 r: f. o6 \+ l. ^5 L( T6 k1 _; r5 q# w+ t% I& Y
plaintiff 原告 民事
6 n8 z& J8 c; N1 I; [prosecute 原告刑事! I& Z% g4 ?0 k4 |6 x9 u
defender.辩护者
6 z7 T0 R3 P* M# h. T, D( G* X( w! a2 s7 n3 C3 G3 F9 B$ Z
verbal evidence 证词
) R' Q7 j7 n; I9 ~1 ~' H9 p material evidence 物证
2 ?: S1 P( l8 c2 U* W2 Z6 B- C
) W- Y  D2 ~' z' e5 e5 N* A- k) oLesson 26
9 `" |* ?, v% s6 D1 P; V8 O& ?% ?' F' ]; w& y$ M) v2 ~. U
　　William S. Hart was, perhaps, the greatest of all Western西部片 stars, / k5 Z8 m0 g- T% [$ f$ g2 N9 N" h
for unlike Gary Cooper and John Wayne he appeared in nothing but Westerns.
( x. j$ u% L& IFrom 1914 to 1924 he was supreme 首屈一指and unchallenged (matchless).It
2 \4 y3 I5 t/ \- ~# Uwas Hart who created the basic formula of the Western film, and devised/design
  e. U( {5 u: a0 ]& ], a5 N) dthe protagonist主角 he played in every film he made, the good-bad man,本
2 k9 e) |3 c) D% l+ d3 f质好，偶尔作坏事的人 the accidental, noble outlaw亡命徒, or the honest but

framed受陷害的 cowboy, or the sheriff made suspect被当成嫌疑犯 (he was made , g& l" {& l: P( w, x1 P! ~3 ^
Chairman 他被选为主席)by vicious gossip; in short, the individual in conflict
6 b, y. ~4 h0 z0 vwith himself and his frontier environment.(同位语)
) N1 ^6 t) K1 Z5 l
& c% X8 b# j# a& w  A: j　　Unlike most of his contemporaries同时期的人 in Hollywood, Hart actually
& I1 x9 @& l3 iknew something of 略有了解the old West. He had lived in it as a child when
- b- ~( \' `, [it was already disappearing,西部在消失的背景知识) and his hero was firmly - [5 k7 Y& i- {1 v
rooted in his memories and experiences, and in both the history and the : h( i( X# n8 c) v6 m! T  ?* ?
mythology of the vanished frontier. And although no period or place in American
# Y3 j4 U1 F! y5 Y7 {  Fhistory has been more构成最高级 absurdly romanticized, myth and reality + t( F& B; f2 Y1 ^6 n
did join hands/coexist  in at least one arena, the conflict( 是arena 的同
, @. f1 P7 [6 W7 f7 q  \  t位语) between the individual and encroaching超出通常界限;侵蚀civilization.. x8 I/ P7 c4 b7 C* N( E' x+ y
- E3 ^" ?! ?4 B8 Y1 B/ l+ ^
　　Men accustomed to struggling for survival against the elements and Indians
& I. Y/ a, M+ f! a1 f4 Rwere bewildered by politicians, bankers and business-man, and unhorsed 放
2 v- A# h' K" S+ ]# {弃戎马生涯by fences, laws and alien taboos禁忌. Hart’s good-bad man was always $ P: @3 G) |. m" b8 D$ C7 ?
an outsider, always one of the disinherited, and if he found it necessary
( j6 U+ C; E8 J) t- x: r% Kto shoot a sheriff or rob a bank along the way, his early audiences found
# y3 S" ?8 b6 s9 a  J- P# G" x( tit easy to understand and forgive, especially when it was Hart who, in the / b# x) S5 w0 K* r9 v- u
end, overcame击退 the attacking Indians.
" n+ g- i' h% G1 |　　Audiences in the second decade of the twentieth century found it pleasant 8 N% d5 i" w1 v# V5 i, `" j
to escape to a time when life, though hard, was relatively simple. We still
7 D7 ~' ^9 s1 L$ ^- bdo; living in a world in which undeclared aggression, war, hypocrisy, chicanery,
+ c1 f- @9 g5 c; A$ N* R  E; a) r anarchy and impending immolation随之到来的死亡 are part of our daily lives, 7 }# a3 n5 e  }/ B( X* U
we all want a code规则 to live by.
' t! W1 f/ N5 z% P6 @/ Dfight across 难以定夺/ S/ f: e& z8 D, r4 ~
out of impulse  一时冲动
/ l& B; i) r: q) xnoble: 1, rich,  2, noble-minded
7 _- C/ V3 y2 R$ F! gnothing but ........仅仅" c1 p9 u& X8 v
He is nothing but liar. 他是骗子
* O  W0 n  N! f# Xhe is anything but liar. 他不是骗子( V& ^% W5 y. o0 i# F
he is nothing but angry 他很生气
0 r/ m7 Q; l/ Q" _# lHe is anything but angry 他不生气
& T9 {. h5 D0 P. O2 I0 l! f' J' Q# H/ `# l" O

' c2 m3 ~) \6 I. g1 e- `
" y4 g6 F2 m. k+ ~superlative degree 名词的最高级
8 _. V+ [2 M% L& m0 w6 nintermediate  中级的  y3 s& K2 K5 D% Q+ W
male supremacy 大男人主义3 P4 C% ^9 ?1 V/ `( M! P
grey mare 胜过男人的妻子
: |# |: n8 b: Q6 y# I: [second to none 最高的second to.......仅次于! G; @" M0 G6 x* {; Q( E( B
antagonist  反面角色
* f+ Y# }, B- O; Kleading role 主角

supporting role 配角
4 h2 f! F' D) s; \$ O- J) mextra 跑龙套
0 \9 T7 U, c: J. Jhighway man 打劫的，deliver 拿钱来
. e. K) Q# F0 |' S$ H  i2 T恶毒的venomous/heinous/malicious
. K- x3 e& {9 H: Y# lgossip monger 传谣言的人 gossip 比rumor 危害大
3 {; Z0 D% k/ q" V+ Pin brief / in a word 总之! e, B  p+ p+ B/ m+ n2 Z& I  C
under the environment 在。。情况下 (不可用复数)
: x4 A) @1 M% ^$ I4 n" {environment makes man 环境造就人
: U$ h# O" U/ |6 Cpolitical arena 政治舞台0 U' |- L- X! G8 X! @
bullfighting 斗牛2 Q; n2 W+ A2 s3 I  ^3 d
encroach 侵犯---American culture is encroaching globally. =penetrating: W/ v5 z+ U) p- R
His speech is penetrating. 入木三分
7 m8 H1 R) _& xbaffle /muddle/wilder 迷茫 I was bewildered. disorient 使。。失去方向; M* I) f+ |5 P1 s7 ~' O( w- z
alien word  外来词4 x  N; {% E% O% \
don't alienate us 不要离间我们
. Z& {8 o; q( o. C  f# ]* c3 v0 yhypocrisy 伪善hypocrite 伪君子hypocritical 虚伪的+ S. i% `& x! x9 X: E  T
chicanery 诈骗cheat欺骗钱财/deceive one's feelings/hoax--just play trick ; M" A3 w( S+ N9 N+ s
4 |' P& x- ]  c) u: x1 P* }/ H0 G
-ry结尾的名词没有复数 是集合名词： machinery   pottery  jewelry
! F) ^! L, e7 ?7 U7 h& O% R, ~turbulence 骚乱6 P6 S/ I% z" C/ w( R  J4 K
misrule管理混乱
7 X) _: t: D$ A# j; happroaching/ imminent 迫近
4 p/ s! {$ y5 himmolate v. 杀- n) ?6 I# ~; A5 Q' m
. e8 v& d5 I, h! O+ K' v

6 ?- Y" n( s7 s8 C: d- M6 g1 f9 U. v
Lesson 27
% r$ ]. F4 Y% Y4 I1 V! {; }2 W( G, r8 j
Why does the idea of progress loom so large in the modern world? Surely 4 g1 l1 ^) l, x' {4 t% h
because 恰恰因为progress of a particular kind is actually taking place around
" `( N4 G& B- C+ Rus and is becoming more and more manifest. Although mankind has undergone
+ p2 X! }" K' o, _1 Jno general improvement in intelligence or morality, it has made extraordinary
' `$ q! w+ Y$ Mprogress the accumulation of knowledge. Knowledge began to increase as soon
/ N  w# K' [+ P) F* b( _as the thoughts of one individual could be communicated to another by means 0 {# P# Y: {* a+ Q1 Y4 v: ^- q
of speech. With the invention of writing, a great advance was made, for 9 l3 g) ]1 d( D: I' @
knowledge could then be not only communicated but also stored. Libraries 1 ]: p8 ]$ x$ U3 e
made education possible, and education in its turn反过来 added to增加 libraries: * z; W9 N9 F. _2 b2 h/ z
the growth of knowledge followed a kind of compound-interest law, which ! }( |# `; C' ]) ~  e
was greatly enhanced by the invention of printing. All this was comparatively
# A- G$ R+ n7 \slow until, with the coming science, the tempo was suddenly raised. Then
  U  b" P# ^6 }5 E: k1 hknowledge began to be accumulated according to a systematic plan系统化.
7 z3 d4 |9 W& }1 @! C+ SThe trickle became a stream; the stream has now become a torrent. 洪流Moreover,
3 l4 {8 C% N4 X9 D, ]- c* i6 q as soon as new knowledge is acquired, it is now turned to practical account.

What is called 'modern civilization' is not the result of a balanced development 2 T( Z  ~, x% q+ H4 a+ a& C2 M1 K
of all man's nature, but of accumulated knowledge applied to practical life.
" v; I1 \, t& z7 _1 G' @5 }. vThe problem now facing humanity is: 人类所面临的问题是What is going to be 7 w: p. j- l% i! j: X
done with all this knowledge? As(代词指knowledge) is so often pointed out,
; A% S! C. m5 |" g; n' Yknowledge is a two-edged weapon which can be used equally for good or evil. ( u1 U& \; r! e: F9 d
It is now being used indifferently(=indiscriminatingly) for both. Could : D% O5 J1 @5 d, R5 r! c) v. g) b# G
any spectacle, for instance, be more grimly whimsical更加荒诞无奇 than that
6 k) R  `- E$ T" }of gunners using science to shatter men's bodies while, close at hand,附近
$ K3 p; M; n/ L1 l1 _ surgeons use it to restore them? We have to ask ourselves very seriously ! L+ X0 }7 q! ?
what will happen if this twofold双重的 use of knowledge, with its ever-increasing
9 [6 M- i: x9 D$ _% z! Npower, continues.4 y* g( c2 Y' x; G8 z4 l) I/ v. C0 \( H

; [( H' C: O7 ~! b" M3 F/ W9 }% uHis humor added to the party. 使晚会增色3 i" v. I( J5 e! u
Harmony among peoples makes peace possible, and world peace in its turn " a% K3 Y$ n. D' s* Z
enhances harmony.
7 L6 c, B0 M. s8 ~motionless, speechless" S: X: J2 K5 P! L# v
impetus 推动力
* l0 e& w1 T3 j& J- a& J9 ~loom  vi.  阴森地逼近(贬义), Y. x1 f/ E. j
you were on the way, he loomed out of mist.1 v( Z" m/ A/ K, _7 @. p2 L
The shadow of impending war looms ahead.
5 c9 d. G$ V; f2 YIt was approaching the vacation, the exams were loomed up.
4 V% C) M: x: V& vA high mountain looms ahead.横在面前+ T! A4 |- }' g$ {) `% o: O& }
manifest   = visible 明显的
6 T/ M8 G& G* e# t6 d, F$ r5 n/ ^* [8 T6 S6 r% j' t( |. Y8 Z/ ~
mankind
" a8 X' {/ u8 ]* Zmorality  moral code/standard.道德准则 to enhance people's consciousness - z' |0 R; z5 E) L3 N) l) n
of morality.
% v( a  M' o* v0 ^; e( }) ~communicate  enhance --among nations
& W/ G$ u& r% k' b$ JLanguage is a tool for communication/ is a communicative tool./communicative ( }3 W' S2 w* S" m( o0 H3 R: Z( f9 e
means.2 O3 H5 d+ U4 ~6 K0 ^' _
enhance  friendship 增进友谊 enhance cohesion 凝聚力enhance consciousness/awareness 意识   ! O5 T# q1 ^& }: p, N1 n/ ]* ~
boost 促进， reinforce.
& V) ]$ }% p* X9 [5 H: U& c+ Wevil thought/even sign/vice president: 坏总统/副
/ W+ t9 s5 D* y8 @5 {& _8 ^0 W1 _fold 翻倍 fivefold , time---used in formal language
# e, _) ?( p3 {0 I  i  M  {7 t2 k, U" `5 H9 _$ g

4 r: b( |5 p* T- dLesson 28
% ?1 m7 h9 p, Y9 w5 ~) q6 o* k( I7 T$ Q3 J
No two sorts of birds practise(=fly, 从事，practise  law) quite the same
) A! ^$ A+ |: L6 B2 Ysort of flight; the varieties are infinite, but two classes may be roughly " o% a# F: O% V1 [+ {; o
seen. Any ship that crosses the pacific is7 p8 j5 w1 T7 P1 G; _( I. m/ z- F
accompanied for many days by the smaller albatross, which may keep company 5 n7 I9 F* M& P5 l+ Q
with the vessel for an hour without visible or more than occasional movement

of wing. The currents of air that the walls of the ship direct upwards,
1 o. V# [2 x: F5 {as well as in the line 沿着某条线走of its course 航程are enough to give
4 M- y$ a4 t! K6 }" D! k8 `* lthe great bird with its immense wings sufficient sustenance支撑力 and progress.! ]3 |  }! t# a7 _% Y" A; d# U
The albatross is the king of the gliders, the class of fliers which harness
( m9 B; \- M; i" u1 z' b  c4 sthe air to their purpose, but must yield to its opposition逆风. In the contrary
# S" I" ?' P, j# h; ?/ ?  n+ Vschool the duck is supreme. It comes nearer to the engines with which man : h& G. x4 S1 e6 a2 h% @7 X3 {) s4 k: j
has 'conquered' the air, as he boasts. Ducks, and like them the pigeons, ; L) y0 S$ p$ }0 Q& J8 k- o
are endowed with steel-like muscles钢铁般的肌肉, that are a good part of : X% J- q$ ^! g; y; H8 V6 c
the weight of the bird, and these will ply提供 the short wings with irresistible
! J* h4 Y* ], a' c, ]! ~power that they can bore飞越 for long distances through an opposite gale逆
0 s2 }, a" z, x8 u风 before exhaustion follows直到最后筋疲力尽. Their humbler followers, such
/ t. J% P' @6 d* Q3 yas partridges,鹧鸪 have a like(prep. v. adj.) power of strong propulsion(propel
$ w$ D, I  g. x的名词), but soon tire. You may pick them up in utter exhaustion, if wind
+ h& L0 {% m$ Z3 lover the sea has driven them to a long journey. The swallow shares the virtues
  j8 E9 }  [7 R3 lof both schools in highest measure(to the highest degree). It tires not : O4 {9 y9 ~) V' _# K
nor does it boast of its power; but belongs to the air, traveling (it may
/ Y- `; M" h+ g8 bbe six thousand miles) to and from its northern nesting home, feeding its
1 r' n- N2 o. qflown young as it flies and slipping(三个词并列) through a medium(layer of " ~1 S  D7 Q: i# T% m* }
air) that seems to help its passage通过(the passage of time) even when the ) n' P0 K# {, ^5 D( R: m
wind is adverse. Such birds do us good, though we no longer take omens(prediction); k! m, C. l6 C$ y; w9 O' Y3 {  v+ d
from their flight on this side and that, and even the most superstitious , E  X  E6 ]" _
villagers no longer take off their hats to the magpie 喜鹊and wish it good-morning.6 w, A9 e9 b  |" F! X
! ^& y7 M: y# v8 [4 S
we have to undertake a hard journey in seeking truth.
0 q4 K9 z$ Q/ w- x6 Hyield to/submit to/give in to/surrender to! U  Y+ P4 E2 z" j- D9 U0 ~
He yields to persuasion 听劝/despair. /temptation.
+ U6 T+ l( j, T! K/ J6 h# M1 `school 用于海洋生物， 另有流派的意思school of thought 思想流派5 @" S/ _/ t& C
one hundred blossom and one hundred schools contend各抒己见.百花齐放，百( h. H/ R% N& r
家争鸣
& [% D! c' c5 f9 minfinite/endless/boundless/fathomless/immeasurable" J. e! O: G* M( |$ Y. ~) c1 w
He is endowed with gift/talent./courage浑身是胆/power/* h  t0 c6 ]  K* X8 v$ Y4 k
I am dog tired. /I am worn-out. I am drained.7 f( ?- o7 C7 `0 V! ], L
He is humble before his boss./He eats humble pie/lick the dust. 忍辱负重! Z0 m1 p" _, H
inferior to 1 A! z9 h: Q6 U: u8 n- e) R/ ]" U
utter: 完全的=completely/sheer. He is an utter liar. /utterance说
7 |9 m6 l4 ^: d8 d. zI am flown .初来乍到，多多指教，fledging--羽翼未丰
9 U+ Q. V' h) l" Padverse wind逆风/adversity makes a man. 逆境造就人 I went home with adverse 9 j+ A$ J% B/ T& L, v3 a. U
wind.* u0 }& ~( n3 ^5 ^, `" l
adversary 对手/favorable wind 顺风$ [& q# j& C/ [8 g6 v& }
He directed me the way to success./ Can you direct me to......? 指向9 D7 K; A# e/ \5 l
The tree can't sustain its branches. 支撑/ He has big family to sustain. 8 G9 P- k( O( ]. A2 A
use/make use of/utilize/harness solar energy.2 W3 c4 A/ C8 Z3 C9 v8 L: H
He is a magpie.他什么都舍不得扔

He is a crow.他特罗嗦& Z5 G6 w6 [9 n; N, L
wild geese 大雁 gander 雄鹅 goose 雌鹅
; T( b/ H* n6 M8 a  l) [  d
( o  G7 g+ X9 v& N8 WLesson 29& g9 q2 l9 w! u( _# p/ v& r0 G4 w

! e/ e1 v  z, V, d! Y2 j! `* i7 w. NA young man sees a sunset and, unable to understand or to express the emotion
) Y, r" S1 T9 L* \7 wthat it rouses in him(原因状语), concludes that it must be the gateway to
# y4 v1 R( x* Ga world that lies beyond通往天国之路. It is difficult for any of us in
- ?( B, p0 o! [/ @6 W" l( Q: A9 |2 Q7 fmoments of intense aesthetic experience插入语=(when we have the moments
7 d; I) P7 V7 p8 u# X& @2 m# ^6 jof intense aesthetic experience) to resist the suggestion that we are catching $ m6 Z4 `. M* ]! P5 U, Z$ |5 q+ ^
a glimpse of a light that shines down to us from a different realm of existence,/ c* l' _4 r% r
different and, because the experience is intensely moving如此地快速，如
; p$ F& ~- l- z2 `, s* C此地让人感动), in some way higher. And, though the gleams blind and dazzle, $ \. G' ^7 p/ }2 Q" {
yet do they convey a hint of beauty and serenity晴朗,风和日丽 greater than we have known or imagined. Greater too than we can describe,(是无谓句exclamation) for
  W# P* M; J9 A7 C3 u; Klanguage, which was invented to convey the meanings of this world, cannot 6 m0 e+ [4 F0 Q# E
readily be fitted to the uses of another.+ f* ^7 I: V+ w
+ H% O5 w8 O4 G/ D, u  M& R" O
That all great art has this power of suggesting a world beyond is undeniable.
* W4 ~# J1 q) N* r% f In some moods Nature shares it. There is no sky in June so blue that it 3 B# {' ^# @. V  q! O5 B1 s8 P
does not point forward to a bluer, no sunset so beautiful that it does not
; r% u% [! c6 }waken the vision幻觉 of a greater beauty, a vision which passes before it
& }2 S8 e' x" I( P1 F+ D! Uis fully glimpsed, and in passing 在流逝道德过程中leaves an indefinable & s' |# \8 m2 ?; D. C$ n
longing and regret留下一种难以名状的渴望和遗憾. (There is no man in the
$ ^) a% u; C, Yworld so nice that he does not deserve any praise世界上总有一些这么好的人
- Q9 V' v1 g/ `% m2 D# U. n1 S" o7 b值得我们的称赞)But, if this world is not merely a bad joke一个拙劣的玩笑4 |0 Y. X1 R+ U6 D) v
, life(is not 省略) a vulgar flare(short in passing) amid the cool
$ B3 n, _5 T/ K" qradiance of the stars, 如果人生不是在冷冷的星光中平庸的一闪)and existence
  e- l4 ~5 F( \; c- w7 |an empty laugh braying/donkey across the mysteries; if these intimations   k3 E; j# e2 W5 @: o* w
of a something(指前边所联想的，sunset, blue skies) behind( inside my heart)and 9 Y2 G* C) Q4 D+ |" h5 U  B
beyond are not evil humor born of indigestion(come from misunderstanding),
( O7 p0 K' K' r( ]' D# ?or whimsies sent by the devil to mock嘻笑，嘲笑 and madden us, if, in a
% J1 W. v' o# m7 ?! kword, beauty means something, yet we must not seek to(try to ) interpret 1 j! T( e0 Z! L9 y  f  ^. H
the meaning. If we glimpse the unutterable, it is unwise to try to utter
, x' C: a* p! _it, nor should we seek to invest with significance that which we cannot
6 d2 Z5 d. I; J* Zgrasp. Beauty in terms of our human meanings is meaningless.
! G% j/ ?- x- p$ \5 V7 s; E6 ?5 X5 u4 J1 P8 T' v- M
rouse/arouse/inflame/stir emotion/excitement/anger/love
3 A! W5 Y0 s6 qThis film is really rousing 激动人心6 E% {1 K: p( n( m
intense love/passion /hatred0 J. q: |1 j5 }+ i: q6 C2 ]% \
intense heat/coldness  酷暑严寒  intensive light/rays 强光( M. y2 E! z# `4 d6 G- H
intensive reading/extensive reading
1 S: F' K1 x5 o& i" yintensive farming 精耕细作/intensified training 强化训练
$ j+ w8 M* M+ G5 |6 E4 Z  Vviolent/ferment/fierce/vehement

aesthetics /logic---logics 加s 表示一种学科  g# }5 L) `( X- |$ W
The fireworks dazzle me. 9 o$ [" C. [8 A6 S* P. I; q
dazzling achievement 令人瞩目的成就' O$ f9 D' _: v
convey/transfer/transplant/transmit/pass over  info./meaning /knowledge
5 p! N3 f0 u6 I# xserene--(poetic language)/quiet/peaceful/tranquil/   serene lake/face 静6 T" ^  o8 Y" r  c8 q: f
谧的湖，安详的脸7 g8 _: ]3 i8 ~' u" f
The problem is readily/smoothly/painless solved. 迎刃而解
1 z* A8 A3 z2 j6 pdeny oneself in sth. ---I deny myself in drinking.
& u; e" L7 w1 t  K- gHis kindness/.hospitality is indefinable./indescribable/inexpressible./beyond
" \+ k1 h5 i) x2 i7 Q9 Bwords.3 ]7 G% g& k, T0 n
long for a villa/ long to have a villa/         yearn/thirsty/hunger----my
' Z9 O  B& w( B) @# F+ J: Y* Ihunger for books.& M4 N, M% o7 e, s  N4 h+ ^( r" |
vulgar place 平庸之地，我们住的地方(和上帝比较)
. t2 y' I2 C2 q% [vulgar/nasty/earthly language.  He is mundane
4 V% q/ i& h5 |# V) d# tcelestial/heavenly/godly/ G% F0 r. w2 R6 n2 G
radiant smile 灿烂的笑容  wear a radiant face/wear lipstick/wear long hair 8 V3 N* ^. {3 z
intimate/hint/suggestion/implication  暗示
/ f! h9 ~) n4 y' ^4 d; D( min a word/in short/in brief/in a nutshell9 S" T3 [) I0 p( F) g1 k( {: I
I am an interpreter (oral)  translator (written)
* M$ X- `$ S2 t# _interpret a role/play a role
* x; E  H6 B" \He invested in China    Invest sb. with courage 赋予The novel is invested ) N, \% X- g. K! K2 m( ]+ C, e
with mystery.
4 ]1 {( }$ |7 h; [, G' Z' sbeyond my grasp不可理解within my grasp  可以理解3 @6 Q0 W1 _. n1 R8 f. s# J& V
grasp all and lose all.  He is very grasping.
$ I/ x8 N2 o- Y! X+ @' f* F( z" a0 _4 C1 ^* p2 P% J
9 ~( F2 w3 z/ o. V- R$ Y
Lesson 30
" A9 R  \+ h. J" `: n: q5 E5 Y$ @1 R8 i' |9 u! D7 E, H& x! G
Each civilization is born, it culminates, and it decays. There is a widespread
$ I" a) C8 b7 ^testimony that this ominous不吉祥 fact is due to(+反面原因) inherent biological - Y- {3 O* K+ ~+ y+ v
defects in the crowded life of cities. Now, slowly and at first faintly, ' N$ Q# j( [0 M+ z. E! o$ w" a
an opposite tendency is showing itself.(As time goes on, the advantage of " r  o: A$ q) H# L5 O# G* @
my sound English is showing itself) Better roads and better vehicles at first
* ~+ o! W5 P" r( Rinduced(=attracted) the wealthier classes to live on the outskirts of the ( v7 d5 \7 d! c9 _; j. q
cities. The urgent need for defence had also vanished. This tendency is 4 ?- }4 {/ U) O+ o/ }( ?
now spreading rapidly downwards. But a new set of conditions is just showing ! {& ]- |, a9 T7 U0 k9 R
itself. Up to the present time, throughout the eighteenth and nineteenth 9 @+ Q2 X! O; x1 h/ [2 q
centuries, this new tendency placed the home in the immediate suburbs, (immediate . c* d( b' K8 [. p: z; x
goal 近期目标， immediate boss 直接/顶头上司)but concentrated(集中) manufacturing 7 P9 b. B4 Q3 W$ \9 G7 t
activity, business relations, government, and pleasure in the centres of
% k7 C6 J0 B) Dthe cities. Apart from the care of children and periods of sheer rest, the ! g2 t1 J. Y0 x. A5 @4 C
active lives were spent in the cities. In some ways the concentration of 4 y. ]; ]$ p4 W* k" T( V( t3 a/ O, u
such activities was even more emphasized, and the homes were pushed outwards
( `) _2 F( \4 ?% y$ h* qeven at the cost of the discomfort of commuting. But, if we examine the trend
; S- V+ Z9 I6 i4 ]8 F& D2 E% Oof technology during the past generation, the reasons for this concentration 0 w, [2 {( ^9 H, y+ S6 U
are largely disappearing. Still more, the reasons for the choice

of sites * L4 @7 x3 E. T2 y
for cities are also altering. Mechanical power can be transmitted for hundreds # @0 K0 O* ~1 y* r7 o8 M8 M" N& b: q
of miles, men can communicate almost instantaneously by telephone, the chiefs
! G% M9 ^# l) ]: }/ I+ n* ~- }of great organizations can be transported by airplanes, the cinemas can - }0 F( s. j/ T% T4 |% m
produce plays in every village, music, speeches, and sermons can be broadcast.
9 h2 k  J( f- h+ N: ?! Y Almost every reason for the growth of the cities, concurrently with the 0 ^" p" m/ Z/ n4 q
growth of civilization has been profoundly modified1 H: d5 X; `1 t8 m0 K
If you roll off my log, I will roll off yours. 你捧我，我也捧你. ]9 E7 C' h. e: ?1 {
take heart 鼓起精神 beef up 振作起来a set of + sth.
0 G4 O' i( W0 pat the cost/price of
) d2 Q8 b! L% lculmination----多用于 抽象=/summit/peak/top  k! o% z' p; ?( I
His efforts culminate in failure.付诸东流
  i- a) o$ I4 G! F; [# Zmoral degeneration/decay 堕落  mend one's morals 改过自新
; ?0 T% ~5 h6 E5 u* @6 DHe reaches /attains the culmination in his thirties.
9 w9 N$ v* i. pvi. -- His effforts culminate in his success=lead to 导致! x$ |% ^% f) f0 [" `8 p# D# v: @6 {
His efforts culminate in the prosperity of his family.
% u9 O. @; B6 V4 j: Y9 S( Emy health decays. Tooth decays /咬不动6 q; F/ r9 J3 l! N* f$ d1 I" e( L; k% o
Bear/produce the testimony to his innocence.我证明他无罪
- A$ R5 M2 q6 B  v. @5 P; P( jthe sloth that inherent in him  天生的懒惰=inbred 天生的，inbuilt 嵌入，
# [/ M" ?! C' r5 K/ ^% Iingrain /deep-rooted2 W7 w* s! h7 V3 F
I have the tendency to shop.
  m0 }, Q/ x$ ]" W0 m* l. e) o+ rinclination (自己)的倾向
% C8 ~) S( j" P- D, a; W* {trend/current 潮流
% c9 c8 H: k2 ?8 k, y% ~a set of rules/equipment/short stories 短篇小说集
6 A0 J/ _0 o5 f3 Vsheer liar  大骗子sheer brandy 纯白兰地sheer rubbish
8 m9 Y9 {# ~& {Many teachers in the schools want to get promoted, get academic title, passed
7 F# G8 ?$ O6 I  F; u1 {; |associate professor, money raised, house bigger.4 Q* S! S3 z; V
place/lay /put emphasis on ..........=underline/spotlight
; L  I  F- n& S+ V/ L+ Ncommuter time 上下班时间=rush hour  It's commuter time, I have to go.下班+ R( d4 g8 _: g' P4 T: P
了，我要走了1 p8 J: z/ E9 ~% W
Thers is a New York of commuters devoured by locusts蝗虫 in the day and 1 J+ I8 H- j! X* }% f
spit out at night.
; {5 M. v1 N8 pI will come in no time./instantaneously.
, A8 N. \0 A' G7 K) b# D& Tpreach a sermon by a priest.
5 |* t% @+ A4 H' B! ~" Fprofound theory /深奥    pround sleep4 d) Y4 O0 K  ?6 w
; d. G4 ^8 f( u) f3 s

% s0 \  Z) \/ b! F: @2 j* ?7 ~4 w! |5 l6 ]

" o- u2 B! W9 U$ M  G$ L- Q, S7 p0 j% \/ S( ?
Lesson 31' H" d; h  Z9 \. r9 X# ~- Z4 m
$ m6 s+ v' L8 l- g% U& a
Many people in industry and the Services(in America, it means army), who
) R6 D* l! X8 n  o, whave practical experience of noise, regard any investigation of this question

as a waste of time; they are not prepared=will  even to admit the possibility
/ s" B- z2 Y8 D6 P1 Zthat noise affects people. On the other hand, those who dislike noise will
9 U4 @0 J/ \0 h0 ?sometimes use most(前没 有定冠词，指very) inadequate evidence to support ' g3 n& D4 Y; z8 e0 ^
their pleas for a quieter society. This is a pity, because noise abatement
' @) R: w  \1 L& @; T! r# }: xreally is a good cause.(good thing) and=but it is likely to be discredited
6 N. e* L" G: A! Y1 m6 rif it gets to be associated with bad science. One allegation often made ; U) G4 c& S: T
is that noise produces mental illness. A recent article in a weekly newspaper,3 Y( B/ G& }, ^: }
for instance, was headed with(头版头条carry the news on the front page)   ?. f  v. |: z! R1 _3 O- j
a striking illustration of a lady in a state of considerable distress, with
: `) j- |2 W3 }. Y8 r  p" n  ythe caption 'She was yet another victim, reduced(made) to a screaming wreck * Q3 n; F, |+ A+ n
'. On(as soon as ) turning eagerly to(转向) the text, one learns that the ' @" @# F$ P4 x% R# m
lady was a typist who found the sound of office typewriters worried her $ o$ J1 l2 x$ j2 z# B$ O% Z; |  V
more and more until eventually she had to go into a mental hospital. Now - {5 D9 h/ @" P2 W, x
the snag in this sort of anecdote(mostly unreal) is of course that one cannot
8 s; z$ z4 N0 [5 G, p8 rdistinguish cause and effect. Was the noise a cause of the illness, or were 5 c1 Y) s0 {! B- R# V3 b
the complaints about noise merely a symptom? Another patient might equally 1 _: K2 |. Q! ?& `+ |3 F/ M
well或许可以(=have reason to do sth.)  complain that her neighbours were
+ t: l( }' `0 P4 c7 k# `combining to联手 slander her and persecute her, and yet one might be cautious % q- S, k' s* p
about believing this statement. What is needed in the case of noise is a & c) O6 N  B, K6 o
study of large numbers of people living under noisy conditions, to discover
+ N9 w9 l2 v: F0 N# `% t' zwhether they are mentally ill more often than other people are. The United & T: \, S+ t) s7 H+ A3 D8 A
States Navy, for instance, recently examined a very large number of men
8 }4 y# |. a- x6 D5 X6 I) |working on aircraft carriers: the study was known as Project Anehin. It can
- r8 K# n2 A1 J. a, X- q) rbe unpleasant to live even several miles from an aerodrome(airport); if
% ]. c) w) ?/ E' H  q6 Yyou think what it must be like to share the deck of a ship with several
5 y! D/ Q( R0 Ksquadrons of jet aircraft, you will realize that a modern navy is a good
, l9 F# h/ z$ g" Rplace to study noise. But neither psychiatric interviews(精神病的采访) nor
! }8 }# w7 l/ |. [7 y' zobjective  tests(问卷调查，客观题) were able to show any effects upon these 6 A; m: s" c& J* ]' j; w: y
American sailors. This result merely confirms earlier American and British
6 \! \4 N, T: t% F3 astudies: if there is any effect of noise upon mental health it must be so 2 _. `) ~6 R. G, O# l7 W. [2 @& D7 Q
small that present methods of psychiatric diagnosis cannot find it. That & l8 T& w1 `) Z. w
does not prove that it does not exist; but it does mean that noise is less ; M0 M) t; X/ n0 i% D3 W$ L
dangerous than, say, (=for example)being brought up in an orphanages--which % W; F# e1 ^- A( q4 g( C1 H
really is a mental health hazard.=danger, w# c, j4 Q- @$ L
sophistry  诡辩术   baffling 莫名其妙 critical eye/eagle eye 辨析力1 F/ p- H. n/ d# k
She may/might well be  proud of her son . 她完全有理由为她儿子骄傲
( ]1 }# y- n- A7 W! ~0 uYou may well refuse him.   grasping 贪婪的
! P$ m; l# z6 f3 Z! o- hthe tears streaming down泪流满面
/ M4 N9 ~7 w, n9 s# Q. hshoot out 夺眶而出/  reduce to tears/laughter 被弄哭/笑
. B; J" a0 r6 D8 Y8 K/ r, S- u. I' @reduce to a skeleton 弄得。。。& z6 `4 X+ p* R! ?+ {
project hope 希望工程( @7 o  |8 l; K. u0 J: x- G
make plea for aid/money 要求资助- H5 L0 s; f) T5 R! {* c
on the plea of sth 以。。。为借口I am absent on the plea of stomachache. : @5 y5 O% j7 a- I2 T
plea for sth

abate----vi. 减弱危害和力量harm, danger. The danger of the poisonous gas ) G$ e& e- M- t* J5 A. x
abated.  & d& L6 `8 S# Y
The wind debated.   [( b4 f* l5 T& ~
decrease /reduce----用于数量减少
) j( E$ }8 m" n: |( Cwane vi. 月缺
' J* T5 O) p: q- B# U; Pdiminish----减少数量和power  The illness diminishes my strength/energy. 3 T/ E. z! N* k3 I9 ]
discredit--不相信，你说的话要大折扣4 k. C; R7 J1 K. L. @6 U% F
assertion-有证据                      claim/allegation---something no proof= 3 V& x9 ~3 U* Y! [9 K
hypothesis
0 ^! n& w4 Z0 o& }. `% S/ @8 `, yIt is alleged that .......= It is reported that....It is said that ....... % {/ J- R! R/ v/ {# f
matches--hatches-dispatches
, e: m6 N4 R4 isreack 老鼠尖叫  squeal  长声尖叫" ^! f5 W- K# f  Q; c
hit a snag 突然遇到困难 run into snags   碰钉子hurdle race 跨栏赛跑stumbling
' N0 f/ x. v% U  P; u, a; Bblock 绊脚石 a lion in the way 拦路虎- I: U/ E( U+ m4 j' b- i' ?
curiosity n. 珍闻(动物)   anecdote 轶闻(人)8 X1 {6 h) G+ v$ D. \4 t
slander sb. 诽谤某人 pour a slander on sb.     slanderer (程度最)诽谤者
* v6 b2 H; T7 Z. m* P0 o+ I+ f2 v2 Pgossipmonger(次之)/rumor spreader   His words are so slanderous. slur----
: O" k0 J5 Q3 B; _$ o4 y! k, U+ J搞模糊  defame/backbite 背后中伤He backbites me.
- F' A) I  B# T; }) Weleven squard 11个人---足球队 women detached group 女子别动队1 H+ `$ A6 a7 k0 E& b
platoon 排 company   连 battalion 营 regiment 团  brigade 旅  division 师
& a0 O: M0 k2 O: e3 q% u' O. ?. z   corps 军- p$ N, _$ o7 l$ d1 n6 W% b
battalion commander 营长( h# U  D; i$ @1 P& I
a regiment of geese 一群鹅
' E0 d+ |- |9 r$ v8 u. S9 q/ ~a survey of American literature =brief introduction美国文学概况
" B" ]+ n# u' L$ X, J9 e& e8 w
# j; ?8 H+ I" G; d: ?" o1 GLesson 32( J+ M# C. K8 a, J( {

3 K, h& F6 g* F; m% g8 Z+ L5 gIt is animals and plants which强调句 lived in or near water whose remains . N3 [% h0 |; R9 e' O) @
are most likely to be preserved, for one of the necessary conditions of
& Z  ?: J9 t% P7 Apreservation is quick burial, and it is only in the seas and rivers, and ; y8 ^$ `% z% s
sometimes lakes, where mud and silt have been continuously deposited, that
: I" B+ H# ^, A8 v. M4 [bodies and the like(如指人，多用于贬义) can be rapidly covered over全部覆
( o0 ~4 u$ B: X盖上 and preserved.
0 T4 w2 q" }- d0 Y! m( U) `  DBut even in the most favourable circumstances only a small fraction of the 2 ^7 n$ Q* A1 V" C8 T7 E' e
creatures that die(可能还有将来死的) are preserved in this way before decay * V' m% k9 K! n5 K# G# j9 p6 I. e
sets in开始 or, even more likely, before scavengers eat them. After all,
, K3 V" _4 i$ {7 [all living creatures live by通过 feeding on/live on靠••为生 ， 吃什么something - ^( O$ ~4 ]: d+ a# L, e
else, whether it be plant or animal, (ecological chain=the law of the jungle=survival
9 w: H) b# ~' \6 V9 }of the fittest)dead or alive, and it is only by chance偶然幸免(chance meeting
# O: g0 o" D/ Y) t, F4 c邂逅 chance company 萍水相逢)that such a fate is avoided. The remains of ; C2 U* e+ F- J. W1 e
plants and animals that lived on land are much more rarely preserved, for + S# \7 M3 V) N0 a8 t
there is seldom anything to cover them over. When you think of the innumerable / x! o( y, P1 V9 _% k# P# D$ C4 f
birds that one sees flying about,四处飞翔 not to mention(/not to speak of

) the equally numerous small animals like field mice and voles which you
; y' q3 S# Z0 _9 W/ I: D  v' Ydo not see, it is very rarely(+副词rarely 是因为强调后面that 状语) that one
0 q1 [! m, @$ K  {comes across(run into) a dead body, except,
0 M" ]! m$ |% _) v: ]of course, on the roads. They decompose and are quickly destroyed by the
/ \: i8 {6 [3 X& _2 S( H" K5 zweather or eaten by some other creature.
: j6 U3 o) {7 rIt is almost always due to some very special circumstances that traces=remains
  Z5 K: l! |+ E% a, e: g: yof land animals survive, as by falling into inaccessible caves, or into & }* L& C' w# ^2 f  Y
an ice crevasse窟窿, like the Siberian mammoths, when the whole animal is # o+ o' D2 H% `+ O! ~3 k* R; @
sometimes preserved, as in a refrigerator. This is what happened to the
( c( L( k& Q9 v+ R5 Efamous Beresovka mammoth which was found preserved and in good condition.
9 S7 Y$ J6 m7 N5 SIn his mouth were the remains of fir trees--the last meal that he had before 1 g3 t6 g1 Y9 u: Q4 H, @4 |
he fell into the crevasse and broke his back. The mammoth has now been restored
4 l, Q2 t% H# O  ~# [, _! din the Palaeontological Museum in Leningrad. Other animals were trapped 5 E$ y3 [/ v1 N2 F4 K& S! V3 ^9 s
in tar pits, like the elephants, sabre-toothed cats, and numerous other / T- p" @5 t" L% \1 ]# H7 A
creatures that are found at Rancho la Brea, which is now just a suburb of
+ x. x0 l# D1 G6 W& gLos Angeles. Apparently what happened was that water collected汇集=assembled
. r8 K9 R" t9 V* }( yon these tar pits, and the bigger animals like the elephants ven-tured out % o* i: ~( x6 h; }: J
on to the apparently firm surface to drink, and were promptly bogged in
+ X! E3 j8 I+ u/ z/ [4 e2 Othe tar. And then, when they were dead, the carnivores, like the sabre-toothed
) B/ T9 N: M: ?8 w4 k7 ncats and the giant wolves, came out to feed and suffered exactly the same ! d7 _- }* T( _- H; E6 ?
fate. There are also endless numbers of birds in the tar as well.+ L4 `" q1 g$ q, p4 S* q% N+ T
quail 鹌鹑 hummer bird 蜂鸟 cuckoo 杜鹃鸟# k8 V8 i0 f9 m2 \" S# P% e
remains-both human and animals, mostly human4 _. I" F: P/ g5 m
body- both& v9 A0 g- D8 h9 ]
to pay the last respects to his remains  向遗体告别5 w0 p. ^4 z; e: K/ k
a slip of tongue 说错话( _* W9 @' a- b+ L  b8 C4 Q
She is well-preserved.  保养的好 poorly-preserved.5 d5 p) @( T; y, a0 |
set in  vi.   Winter has set in early this year. 来得真早 Fatigue sets in
$ J1 S* @3 p7 E" ?when one grows old.
0 c, G) N- R4 l7 T2 Ametaphorically ----比喻使用 obscene writer 庸俗的作家
" @2 P8 k: @9 |) }$ wcarnivorous 食肉的
  y* ]7 |1 R: \3 U% Qnumerous---many many, 数量多
  i, e& O9 W- c0 P- ?) V" V8 _numeric-----关于数字的3 t  L+ w1 e6 @
number----注册，编号
$ g" ]1 x  f9 z) c" m: F. R( ^numbered------时日不多" v2 H( w" ?: J" I! H) n& E. X. `; h
to play cat and mouse with sb. 欲擒故纵4 y1 J3 K- R( }: F/ ?' S' T7 O
She is a mouse. 胆小  He is a chicken. (man)8 ^( m5 M/ A. c4 w; k  T& D2 I- ?
feline ---猫科的   They live a cat and dog life.---fight+ [; _. E+ n/ ?; O- ~
I cat a nap only 15 mins./ X8 y$ |2 T' M$ K
cat's paw ----牺牲品9 Q/ a# ]+ T2 C# B
Students should have access to  a wide range of readings.
7 V* h! X) [! TThe goal is inaccessible/ unattainable/unapproachable.
% Y9 J5 v2 K- _& Mcold currents 寒流  Mammoth parade 盛大游行
8 [; |7 b* r3 d9 gA fall in the pit, a gain in the wit. 吃一堑，长一智

pitfall 意外的挫折和困难/ F2 X) O0 F' _
pit boss  赌场老板
0 H& ]! E7 L5 ^3 l# n( F8 m( ~. GI venture to buy some stocks( vi.)  joint venture 合资企业! r1 Y. [3 x& _5 l$ k# S; u! _
Nothing ventured, nothing gained.+ F0 j7 s+ A0 o) ^4 y9 _9 i
I'm bogged/troubled/plunged/sunk.
6 N7 M7 e5 u5 A5 f6 I
2 c) A( U& ?% b+ ^# m, VLesson 347 N+ Y! @  ?9 `' M% Q

- \& H% a4 _2 i1 IThis is a skeptical age, but(1+3) although(2+3)(2个连词并列，至少出现3个
! [* I1 s& ]  Q; y+ k动词) our faith in many of the things in which our forefathers fervently
- E' d9 z- Y! d0 e6 `4 Hbelieved has weakened, our confidence in the curative properties=effects
/ U* D! B3 a' I2 k& [. l/ X+ I8 F: {治疗特点of the bottle of medicine remains the same as theirs(指代confidence).
# B# F2 H0 q. o6 p2 c! [ This modern faith in medicines(all kinds of medicine) is proved by the fact
4 B5 p: |( I$ g3 l: _1 t; pthat the annual drug bill of the Health Services卫生部 is mounting to astronomical
- X+ x! [) \$ z0 Rfigures天文数字 and shows no signs (at present插入语) of ceasing to rise(=stopping
5 b) Q8 M. q7 Y+ L/ Q% xrising, cease +to do or doing is the same ). The majority of the patients
. ^4 Y: G* [, o1 B4 P3 zattending就诊(I am attending the hospital 看病) the medical out-patients - o$ k& ^& A3 A& T) u8 [/ y
departments门诊 of our hospitals feel that they have not received adequate
1 P0 I1 v' d5 X3 z# Z$ `7 l. t$ Qtreatment unless they are able to carry home with them some tangible remedy ! h7 j9 R7 H, E: m" ]+ ?, U  N
in the shape of (=in the form of )a bottle of medicine, a box of pills, or 8 e, o5 N: Y% h6 a8 a% X, }9 ?" |
a small jar of ointment, and the doctor in charge of the department主任医
8 P5 s4 x9 v9 q5 x' i6 a+ i生 is only too(有ONLY就不是too 的否定结构) ready to provide them with these ! R. |/ z% p# @0 Q* h
requirements. There is no quicker(no+比较级= 最高级) method of disposing
( A8 D; s' W, e; I1 I' [of patients 打发病人than by giving them what they are asking for, and since
% y8 ~" ~1 L& ?; o4 Vmost medical men医护人员 in the Health Services are overworked and have little   s: Y  c* p# x/ J7 V5 k
time for offering time-consuming (费力energy-comuming,money-consuming 浪费
& i( C- l5 r) {$ ~  _钱)and little-appreciated advice on such subjects内容 as diet,(=body-building健- b; L: [$ f* R" ?& V; s
身) right living,(=regular life) and the need for abandoning(=kick off/quit)
! y  D8 I, w# \) ^# a# kbad habits, etc., the bottle, the box, and the jar are almost always granted
* A3 D, G3 M  S1 N8 o7 Gthem. Nor引出例证 is it only the ignorant and ill-educated person who has
- w( q; T( r6 j1 hsuch faith in the bottle of medicine, especially if it be(省略了should,
$ |/ H+ K" c4 b  K3 [! D虚拟) wrapped in white paper and sealed with a dab of red sealing-wax by 1 _% U1 W7 S+ @  E7 @# w
a clever chemist药剂师. It is recounted of Thomas Carlyle苏格兰历史学家，* u* R: P6 |' g; j1 T+ D1 V
散文家( 要加人要用of) that when he heard of听说，(了解到read of /know of/learn
% ]1 a' ^8 Z5 m; A% C7 p) Pof) the illness of his friend, Henry Taylor, he went off immediately to 1 K; [+ D+ y6 z  P( {4 l1 z4 t
visit him, carrying with him in his pocket what remained of a bottle of
# m/ S5 j9 o% v! _( T2 c8 \medicine formerly prescribed for an indisposition of Mrs Carlyle's. (....of * s2 A. Q$ C( B+ S$ |: a
sb's 这种结构强调唯一性)Carlyle was entirely ignorant of what the bottle
1 j2 w0 z, @+ h! u( `3 Q% `2 Jin his pocket contained, of the nature of the illness from which his friend + R' r6 }- q2 B3 Q( N  ~
was suffering,(得病) and of what had previously been wrong with his wife,
1 N0 J8 D1 z. T( g7 L" Ebut a medicine that had worked so well in one form of illness would surely ) J4 K( `" |* o, }& }' b
be of equal benefit (be of 具有=be benefical)in another, and comforted by ! [% {) e9 J: s5 r
the thought of the help he was bringing to his friend, he hastened to Henry
9 _# N, C' Q/ m; K- zTaylor's house. History does not relate whether his friend accepted his

medical help, but in all probability he did. The great advantage of taking & i1 e, W' S) K/ y( H* P
medicine is that it makes no demands on the taker beyond(=except) that 是
8 o' T, h3 T" I/ {指(demand)of putting up for a moment with a disgusting taste, and that is . P# M" C6 S( `. ^! Y
what all patients demand of(=demand sb to do sth) their doctors-- to be cured 4 g; L: M9 K3 ^
at no inconvenience to themselves. : y+ W; G+ M) s; t( C
She was sentimentally attached to this house, for(1+3) even though(2+3)
) l$ @7 Z- T+ H+ Y! x# Eit was far too big for her needs, she persisted in living there long after $ v5 \! l( G- ]
her husband's death.
9 z1 F0 Z' \3 k" o7 B, ^skeptical ----be skeptical about    distrustful/doubtful/juberous.
9 U; L/ y! u/ p2 E; ?. _forefathers 祖先
: X/ z( y; U) {" U! O- ?infectious 传染性的
7 V7 |: A. @$ ]7 cfervently 热情地  He has a fervent love for books
1 f* L) V% ^* S$ a+ ~3 Qcurative----- How about the curative effect?疗效 cure of cancer,  cure sb ! c# K2 g( O# M& u* w
,  beyond cure, cure-all 万灵药  magic bullet 魔药, I) n: k$ y. {# [. @/ e4 B
astronomical. X. R' d; n1 u; @
sign
& D& k1 J: r! H7 E5 S" ytangible/ W! p9 P7 X7 S, d# n
remedy
7 h7 U7 I6 H+ d8 H8 [$ t6 r; t; `jar
" Y- D  E! K9 f/ Yointment  ----a fly in the ointment 美中不足
* l( m- q$ |! V; Ponly too 非常 +adj.    only too hot =too hot   . g% D: m) _3 [8 d
dispose  ----dispose of garbage, Man proposes, god disposes.: D8 v. \* {  d  Y
little-appreciated 不受欢迎的=little-received/welcomed,  unsought 没人理
, f# A; ~  ]* g睬的
& R5 n8 t! e2 k, D& O. @  tgrant. j8 _$ |1 C3 a, U& V
ignorant--- He always feints ignorance 装蒜
) B; o: @# o! ?- w  h+ `seal---have the seal of death on one's face 行将就木
. K" C: v' g2 R; u1 g$ T. g! Fsubscribe to  订阅报纸   inscription 题字write out a prescription 开处方
; t/ r: r+ u& v+ m  Q6 H prescribe for a patient
' _" V; N2 w& O! Q( Wdab2 {4 S9 \& E# Z7 ^& w
it is recounted 据说
" k+ p  z, v7 w9 h4 \8 findisposition  小病 minor illness , minor operation , I am indisposed 不) S9 h1 H/ C. A/ d- o
舒服
0 M3 T7 J9 ~# R$ ?9 ?* Z! khasten
* l% j) S, k7 \0 r, ?, M% erelate
: q3 k3 L6 N% U. u7 Zin all probability
' X% ~; c4 o- @8 y5 f1 Gtaker
& x; ~" }9 s; Fput up with---I can't put up with your ill temper    stand/bear/endure
& t# {% ?2 l! @% V; Rdisgusting----eyesore 眼中钉，丑的东西1 Q) [8 C6 t9 e! F6 b2 ^  U
inconvenience----if it is convenient to you, drop in my house.3 e# J# ]& {" f! t
take convenience of sb= take advantage of sb

Lesson 37  Victoria(1837-1901)18岁执政， 前期unrest, alarm 后期--growing
+ W* m: ?. U% i4 N+ |& q3 n( Jprosperity: industialism, 工业革命free trade 被称为Britain was named workshop / A  w8 f& q2 C' N5 G. j% y4 t
of the world 世界工厂。  1842年--cession of Hongkong to U.K. ------爆发opium - v& R3 B# U6 D+ v" x0 i/ J% x
war, 当时的文学背景---critical realism批判现实主义， 当时有人made big fortune,( N0 l2 M. u6 [" T( H+ x  X6 |. S
文人开始批判， 代表作Charles Dickens 的"hard times"艰难时事--批判中产阶
( k' I( J& C2 S. N/ ^; B级大发横财”the tale of two cities"---London & Paris 法国大革命, "Oliver & q5 o2 ?! ^& p9 J
Twist"-雾都孤儿， “Christopher"
2 p" x* _; ]6 ?# S3 A9 f第二个人物是萨克雷， 作品有”Vanity Fair" ,还有诗人乔治，艾里奥特， 和Charlotte
* j! c/ r) o4 uBronte and Emily Bronte.% l: c3 v& ^. s
　　The Victorians那个时代的人们, realizing that the greatest happiness
4 ^$ Q7 T5 J& Y' A9 f: Saccorded to man(given to man by God) is that provided by a happy marriage, - ]/ [) z; L+ P+ o* W
endeavoured to pretend that all their marriages were happy. We, for our
0 j7 t2 H+ Z& ]( Spart, admitting the fact that no feat(技巧，壮举) of intelligence and character
4 A+ m! ~& @7 ris so exacting精确无误，毫厘不差 as that required of two people who desire " M; F# C, ^" o
to live permanently together on a basis of amity, are obsessed(痛苦，有包
. V) Z& m& ~) u+ s$ N" F( \袱) by the problem of how to render the basic facts of cohabitation同住
3 i0 L* Y# u& j5 {7 T) ?simpler and more reasonable, in order that unhappy marriages may less frequently $ D2 d8 g! I4 U7 E- J  T( Q
result(产生). The Victorians would have considered(表猜测，虚拟) it 'painful') p% c  z8 O4 o: t! T  S4 K
or 'unpleasant' were one to point out(=if one were to point out) that only
$ C% i/ `/ ^* C  cfour marriages out of every ten are anything but(4对不是被迫) forced servitudes.
9 a; X& O+ h! t; F/ `' m We ourselves start from this very assumption and try to build from it a ' M" l$ k7 Z: n! i) s1 k5 w+ \
theory of more sensible(reasonable) relations between the sexes. Of all ! |- b+ A6 A. ^: [0 L/ ]
forms of arrant untruthfulness Victorian optimism appears to me在我看来to " y8 M5 l0 E) k$ N# z
have been the most cowardly and the most damaging. 0 T1 b3 w$ `; s7 c$ K0 ]2 n1 `
　　Truth, therefore, is an attitude of the mind.(a state  of mind 精神状
9 W: d: ?* p# a9 g态) It is important, if one does not wish to inconvenience and to bore one's
# K) L: R; x: }3 }- a1 b+ tfriends, not to tell lies. But it is more important not to think lies, or
* J! D. `8 g6 V4 h/ b1 I  nto slide into those mechanical and untruthful habits of thought which are
! m9 p% _: I8 D8 b, rso pleasant and so easy as descents to(作为．．的产物) mental ineptitude不
: A* u: G# O$ y- I; F1 M动脑筋. The victorian habit of mind (which I consider to have been a bad
, _0 g# \5 Y  O1 y! H2 f" Hhabit of mind) was unduly(=improperly) preoccupied占领，满脑子都是 by what
" i" G, |6 u7 N1 r3 t3 i  ewas socially and morally convenient.(对社会建设和道德建设有利) Convenience 2 u$ h; ~9 z; x% ~1 J9 e' h
is, however, in all affairs of life在社会的各个方面), an execrable恶劣的
! K/ y' r) o0 M2 o2 q$ K test of value. One should have the courage to think uncomfortably, since
% S6 t$ \7 \" O1 Q! @+ wit is only by rejecting the convenient that one can come to 逐渐think the
' \1 p7 R. u' w3 Mtruth. Not, after all, that there is any such thing as truth. 世界上没有
+ L9 b/ m/ m- m0 a7 W- N* ?4 F6 _说真话这件事=There is not any such thing as truth)   At best we can approach
8 [4 {# R7 m9 x7 y9 o' ato(=get close to) some relative approximation. On the other hand, there # a* @6 h. J. A" J
is surely such a thing as untruth. One is generally aware when one has said . U4 ^) }! y4 S8 s- K* ~
something, or acted in some way which has left on other people an impression(2 J- b" _" U# P
leave an impression on sb) not strictly in accordance with the facts. One 0 L$ B' c  `5 @+ w
is generally aware, also. when one has thrust aside an inconvenient thought

and slid into its place another thought which is convenient. One's awareness * E8 M4 n. d- s) K
in the former case is in general more acute than in the latter, since we
' h1 g" z8 L" U3 f9 o% `' h# ware more on the look-out for the lies we utter than for those we merely think.. M% Z  N9 e- l7 ]2 y
In fact, however, it is the untruthful thought which is the more vicious 5 E: g6 l% j* n/ s0 }  n
of the two. Spoken lies are invariably(=always) tiresome and may actually 9 L( K) d7 {" z- O% [
be dishonest. But continuous lying in the mind, a disease to which the Anglo-9 v3 ^3 M$ @' ~2 o; c
Saxon is peculiarly exposed, (英国老就爱犯这种病)spells(=brings about) the * @/ r2 \: ^$ V$ S- W! s6 g
destruction of human thought and character.2 l3 ]9 F' B+ s  l. {" f# V3 c
abbot 方丈4 o, p% N/ Y$ Y4 R
untruthful  爱说谎的/ @/ V! W# z5 }) S- u1 s9 t3 U0 M
My family is well off/honeyed.4 w+ p- g3 j: |; J" d; w, h: h' v3 x
should the burden 肩负责任- M# S6 v3 j: d8 S$ ]% o
mental enjoyment 思想的幸福8 M, Y5 A# z$ k4 N8 x& S
destined fate 注定的命运  turn againt her fate 与她的命运抗争 tuberculosis 5 a$ a) I! B0 N, j5 s. e
肺结核1 y9 l' L7 N7 Y
accord vt. =grant    He was accorded the permission to enter the library. - l# f" s6 }1 Z
  to accord the guest a warm welcome., j* k8 U& A, t* S( ?
on the part of us= for our part = in terms of ourselves  For our part, we
7 ?! n8 W9 ?; V! T! X9 t& Hhave no objection.
* a+ _. Q/ ~8 Z8 M2 C6 F7 mamity n. ----mostly used in between nations  , harmony---family,    concord--
# I2 B2 \4 ~5 l--nations and peoples, ----national concord  民族团结  Our family members
0 N8 H# A3 o' `/ kare/live in harmony/amity/concord
* `' W7 s/ y- \, X5 {2 MI am obsessed with too much assignment. 烦 (程度加深)vex-annoy-irritate
; R6 X) `; ~7 a6 g, F# ~% f0 JI am obsessed with sth./sb. 迷住& y' A3 ?4 Q4 F$ q" h$ U6 A
render  致使，给予A serious illness rendered/made him rather weak.   render
! U, Q2 ?" m  ?4 H3 G/ B8 Xthanks to sb. 答谢
. j# S) P- T2 J0 hrender sb a favor/  render sth into English 翻译/render a role in the movie - J! ?. W5 p* G3 ~, F
扮演
( Y1 c0 p. n2 X6 ]$ A: ^- yHe is in servitude. 没自由. [+ V. [! w. y: f4 i3 M) }+ I8 d7 ^
sex appeal 性感: J% F0 T" Z# S
arrant a. =sheer=out and out贬义 =downright
4 x1 f: ]( d9 j8 X2 u* \' `spare me 饶了我把
- u  g; f2 o/ N2 Jadj. weak kneed/fainthearted/spineless/shrinking/           n.  chicken/craven/" O6 t! |9 ]- L+ ]; E- N- Y
coward
. _& ?# L3 u) |* u8 X- V" bslide into=slip into 不知不觉地陷入I slide into the bad habit of rising 5 d  R& S+ N6 K( {) k
late. I am late riser.3 z( E1 a+ b5 u
-tude  名词后缀
& R7 R& y* ~$ V' V* |* ~4 Bclumsy/inept/bungling
- p/ C; `4 A8 U( o. g' e% B/ jexcess/unduly/extreme/immoderate/immodest/overmuch  过量，过分
( l/ b: d4 b0 {% f- W  k9 g9 rdebased 指人ignoble/abject/coarse/contemptible7 z% W+ _: G/ l0 S( k# ?/ J
reject+抽象词+idea. habit     /abandon+sth /discard+具体+clothes /toss up   P6 A( ^2 n7 V0 F# T8 y
往上扔硬币/
/ `% S, T$ {- V. G, N. t3 D, a, kacute eyes/eagle eyes/observant eyes/decerning eyes

bat eyes/
+ w4 U0 V  v) v0 b9 tI am on look-out for sth.  提防  on the alert/on the guard// o7 s$ L/ A) a
thrust/cast  sth aside  把。。扔到一边 thrust my English aside ,   thrust 1 {% e- t/ W# n( L% J- u
one's way through the crowd / elbow one's way,  挤出人群， thrust five yuan ; e( r; o4 M8 G( N
into my hand 塞给 thrusting 盛气凌人) G6 l! m, G' @4 K8 }
Girls don't want to expose themselves in the sun.  Be exposed to ----Students
3 n- w, H. |) S6 \8 ~! t; ?4 rshould be exposed to more reading.; |3 p3 n* s9 ^0 @6 ~3 ]
spell---导致lead to/result in/invite/incur/     Pride spells failure.
; K/ X; i" k  X& ~Anglo-Saxon  ----449-1066 , 410--Roman Empire falls--Roman troop retreat # `; c- F4 ~5 R
from Britain ----由Celtic 凯尔特人(土著居民)占据----后来了三波人---North
4 \" g- ]" P7 a0 sEurope, Sweden, Norway,Danmark 演变成Anglo--Saxon, 诺曼底登陆来了Willians一
  i) ]& ]$ X- n4 _% x8 x世, 带来很多法国文化