Within my scope 是我能力所能及的( s, e3 ~3 Q7 b( N$ A
One’s effort to do 干什么事所做的努力
1 R7 y2 f4 I; u# I2 tI like the delicate dress. 淡颜色的/雅致的' B% `9 H1 w: K3 ~! Y" |9 O( s* f7 l
In the shade 在阴凉处/ b. b0 e7 |" n
In the shady street3 f2 I0 w% g8 S+ o7 P
Observant  观察力敏锐的
3 V" r5 y& o& R5 L9 S1 D0 }Grayish = light grey
, X/ z7 Z4 w! X  @9 R. UOutlandish=queer/strange and unpleasant
8 l  g: L& x. i- ]8 l2 i& oHe devoted his time to the acquisition of knowledge.- V/ X7 S; B( s: L
Acquirement –仅指精神的获得
  n. a' l/ c, ^) @; b! TAcquisition –可以指泛泛的概念(人& 物)
" _) [9 `1 f( R' _  ~- [
2 V/ q  F8 V0 I0 n! |! _+ ^1 q! hPrompt sb to do sth
; }8 p: N0 d. |5 E5 B% |5 D7 G5 t- e5 iUrge sb to do sth! h8 C0 Z$ M7 A. E7 Y
What prompted him to be so generous.刺激2 w  j. y! z* ~7 ~) L4 n
He took a prompt measure.果断,快的
* T3 p2 z5 G9 m- d8 a6 s, N. n3 u, J' f8 G1 L, ^' J4 c6 g
Speedy/swift/rapid/haste
! A, H0 I! _6 K2 j0 o! u1 {1 c/ E, z& wIn a haste way
/ U4 m8 n$ g, o* r: R4 r4 oPuzzle 因困惑的不知所措) n# c2 f. y+ L# _0 U! ?
Bewilder 眼花缭乱的不知所措: D2 |2 }6 x/ W# g
She is evident at party. = in evidence. 显眼的,突出的
  q7 t! [7 O, e! }Be intoxicated by/with…..陶醉,得意忘形" B' }5 L# [: c# e& \
If you drink too much whiskey, you will get drunk/intoxicated. 喝醉4 x3 P! ^+ {3 Q) D7 I
Discreet = careful in speech and action.
! l* r% j' L. e6 {' H4 r! cHe is discreet in airing his views.
3 e+ m# E4 X; g+ w  ]% eBe discreet in doing sth.+ T' _9 `% y1 `# q- t: u9 x# H' T
Caution= discreet + careful 细心
+ F5 |+ Z1 R/ j1 D/ @$ R, {Prudent 慎重地7 w/ S2 n, O: N+ c
Wary 小心翼翼的- A. O+ E/ Q( V+ F  c8 d8 c
Tactful 机智的,考虑周全的
# i  m, C9 M0 Z+ {" s4 L( B6 ?- r; u
Adorn  打扮,佩戴/ornament
2 g* c4 p# F- n2 [We adorn our rooms with flowers.! [& X' n" D8 N+ `
He adorned his story with all sorts of adventures that never happened.& S4 e! N6 l; {3 J% \
A beautifully adorned room.5 {2 W- E& v: V5 Y
A ……..decorated house.
6 Q* z! M7 U+ M) N/ z! \Wine bottles of all shapes and sizes.% G# K6 p- P/ l2 ~. e- g
$ S" a3 m) r6 ?9 ?  V/ Y
Used to 现在不
+ L# A3 u7 J" o; A4 LWould 现在可能存在. M' E/ x, J) l$ b
He would often have class in the morning.

虚拟/ G1 M$ ^& i. s7 O
if you should , ask…, he would……可能性大
& y+ l7 D# Y+ `2 ~6 aif you were to ask, he would … 可能性小8 H* t8 N. s3 k& G% x4 w
if it were to rain tomorrow, you would stay at home.
9 K1 j+ J0 X8 ~: a. e8 f  {Come into the possession of sth. (formal)( G2 i- J, E# Y0 W1 A3 U. g/ E
How did sb get sth.(oral)# l6 K9 }- R* ^3 o) r: i7 w

( f1 g2 I4 H5 b9 lHe is fond of relating.9 y0 ^, Q1 c6 e, ?0 g$ X! r4 l
He is fond of talking about.# l4 f8 e6 n0 V
2 S# D0 b4 }5 R7 s
Own habit by heart 积习难改
& Q1 b3 E& B: ^7 ^7 K7 }8 uConsider it a great joke/amusement/joy/fun to do sth.4 n2 c* u  e8 x. w) ^; E
把某事看做是巨大的乐趣
* f+ w/ [. L9 c( r
( _; G9 V% I' \% c' yon the spot 当场& f. t9 K& H6 f! S4 ?3 {6 f) x) T: R
put out = upset=annoy$ E/ e% X; p0 P/ r
He was put out by my rude words./ k, m9 E2 g( e9 R& i
Keep a straight face 绷起了脸= keep serious5 S$ m  y, f6 u/ s2 I
Of one’s own accord 自然而然的=willingly
4 Y5 D$ |( e% k9 t; ?! dExclusive shop 昂贵商品店! y- P! ?- e+ x/ d, {" N8 e

9 h! C# h9 r" O: Z! L5 [$ u7 a
: E. p2 H2 W5 G" f( F0 PBe used to do 被用来; w: f8 q/ }( P2 l+ i: ~/ ]
Be used to doing 习惯于做
  {  O9 }! N9 V4 ~% C' E  }Meet with sb’s requirements /need.5 C) m- W- j( n2 C( z' u
Put on/pretend his act of doing  装模作样4 j& o. `# I7 E( {: y3 k1 Z
She said that she felt ill, but she was just putting it on.
  d4 v7 u% i9 aHe put on an act of being wealthy.8 ^" O+ H8 q2 n( H: B+ x
He pretends to be wealthy.
4 [' \: j1 e5 W2 C  E
0 e* |- v  K- IIn blank astonishment 茫然惊奇的3 f( a# i, O; p$ _0 r) O
Admit defeat = take a beating 认输
/ T, ~2 K0 X( i2 k6 CWhat was in those days enlightened policy seemed to be /looked like ….
' M* S3 [) [6 _; h3 \Beat a hasty retreat 迅速溜走了# a( v+ \& j$ `( ^% u4 K( a# n
Pay the price 付出代价  }8 T9 Y3 e; |- _4 P# f
In bewilderment
' z0 U% B. J- x: O
- O# {2 a5 E! ^' h$ w( \/ yEvolve = develop gradually
- v; ?3 E: p) J, KEvolve a system for doing sth.
4 r3 |3 L- t6 i# j+ l: _Evolve from
  L+ D0 D+ K$ D  W9 m' E% N+ qEvolution./evolutionism
9 `. U) X6 M  o$ iResolve to do sth# p) [6 o4 ~) [8 x* F
Revolve 旋转的$ B) `0 T5 g" R, i) g
Be involved in

He has the competence to do/for the job.
# d8 s( |2 ?& ?+ i) P$ ?  j6 J% [Be competent to do sth.for sth1 @8 m; c8 e1 V. Y$ C
1,Qualify/fit& y7 m. O7 S3 g% \, r
2,Sufficient/enough/adequate8 K/ W8 a' b( s. D6 u, n
He has a competent knowledge of French.# I0 d" n6 t" y; _) ?* e6 {; r  k
7 B: {% |* ^  N
Safeguard  vt. & n.
) Z4 l# Y: \0 g4 D8 s7 F$ e3 h& VSafeguard our country/our state
- T* Z. _9 ?+ _, F0 i5 Y$ rTerritorial integrity5 i! s+ b' J6 s& j
Keeping clean is a safeguard against ….
0 ^: R* g; r2 h8 s/ rWe need several safeguards.
8 j$ @2 i; k( z! d; {2 F
# F; b. O8 b8 HIn grief
* P% ^$ N+ W3 F' v" DGrieve: cause grief to .. 使伤心
2 K5 v# Y# [. `' r5 l# }5 QIt grieves me to see him in such bad health.3 p9 X4 I8 q3 U! n, L' F
Grieve for/about/over
% l0 D7 `6 c5 q) f6 r3 _. OGrievance 不平,冤屈
/ i! P/ H( I6 Y. G+ I1 G( @
9 h! `8 ]' V( p& ^" g( d2 N1, Keep up correspondence= keep in touch with sb by writing letter.0 I  n0 t" l3 P9 B
Correspondence school 函授学校
7 A% D* y& C8 k' {6 y……………….. course  ….课程* f# }% H% [4 `/ L
3 t2 w; |& T& J' }; a
2, = argument, similarity2 D( I3 [- H7 ?. ^  ^5 h6 f! }* u) p# L
in correspondence with sb. K# v) a2 C& Q$ q6 v( ^
bring sth into correspondence with sth.与….相一致
* i7 ?, w& }( @* G8 r/ s% `4 U- `3 correspondent 通讯员, 记者6 ^4 v! b6 w( I* |& F" n# j
6 B; Q5 d8 w( ]1 X' q- j
alter-----change in character, appearance partly
6 i( G& c' I/ S( T5 J* A7 qconvert to ---态度的改变,信仰的改变. b" m' l  J3 N! L: `
transform---物质能量上的改变+ Z( z3 A( J% G: ~# O. u+ w
vary---因时间,条件,状况的不同而发生变化customs vary with the times.
- \0 Z3 d( S9 x; m& y8 K8 k# [+ n/ _, S" W- Y+ F
Ascertain/find out/get to know/make certain/make sure2 o' A( H8 ~  J1 u+ D# w* Z: D
Be admired for sth 为….而受到钦佩
4 y2 b, w6 g  s1 D. l' ~In the belief that = believe in
. W* @9 y" i5 P  @. XHe turned to me for help cuz he believed that I could help him.7 G8 h3 e9 O9 z
…………………………in the belief that I could lend him a hand.
+ P: W% ]+ Q: ]; FIn the hope that = hoping
( M2 ^1 |2 P0 g/ BIn the thought that  = thinking
  G7 K+ d! o* a% P
4 i* o7 @) Z9 \9 m5 A- lAs long ago as 1809= dating back to 1809/ dating from . D; ?0 `1 Y7 R% c& b( M
Introduce = bring in
( J2 P& o, U/ [" I: [9 t6 f) n$ c/ ~He introduced science to the game.
7 L% N" g. V) U, w: p, rHe brought science into the game

Scheme 制度
# o* c9 x5 H) v& Z: Z- p2 FRefer to sb as  称之为
) m4 v' Q0 I7 d" ]
; H7 k1 f# `& {; E7 G易受…..的影响---介词
( l# P& n" j& f8 M: AHe is subject to cold during winter. 容易感冒$ ~" a, j+ ]4 s" ~: e' _  K  I6 q
He is prone to flu.
+ C# I) _3 c* W6 e& f1 Z; V0 I( Z. D9 `5 B
He is likely to catch cold.3 l% C- ^% j  F( u8 a& u
He is liable to …….
# g0 [; ^1 C3 c4 e1 h
/ S8 s+ [1 P  U) {4 X& T隶属于, 以…为准, 经过…..同意
- o- i8 X" Z: o2 {, \7 Z! n' O+ gyour plan is subject to my approval.
- o& v- Q+ D4 q8 G: Y1 i1 i
4 Q0 }* S" m' {! O, |9 ^. z
7 h# x, K' Y! T# @Complaints (large and small) that come from all levels of society.1 F4 w& |" t8 X( P1 K7 ]( X
Complaints must be made in writing.
- K$ o  w: u. n. @; k+ ]
! K2 Q  `  J& u# q4 N. tEach 2 个的平均
% a% S1 \  u4 j" Y! L; zEvery 3 个以上的平均  d" b8 p0 }; s; h" _
We have got an average of 15 students in each.
+ r  x$ }! `  y6 ]! X( m. I7 z; I8 i! P' W0 y1 t+ y* G
Suggest to sb that…..- ]2 S. @, h  C& G4 t  o" h
Deal roughly with == ill treated4 I$ ]  |% L% C& o6 u  k2 j1 n+ Y
Be prejudiced against sb/sth.
1 K% j8 F: _. F: f" c: v/ ~Put an end to…..
; M) \7 ]. x' \9 A2 B& ?% oOn his half = in his interest 本着他的利益
. C5 z1 N6 [3 s! Y4 m# ^( dIf you are prejudiced against sth, you must take objection to it." y4 H0 K9 r* n$ l1 K
It is only possible for sb to do if sb do………只有…..才有可能
. I8 U1 d$ I+ AWage a war against.- I/ |. q* o/ A6 r& u4 @
' _" b( k6 u0 Y% a
Contaminate.5 f. M7 T6 T; N# ]
Don’t eat the apple. It has been contaminated by files.
% l: T7 W1 l  |: u( MHot story/ blue film will contaminated your mind.
. {5 X: @! c+ a  G/ i# s- C: Q' `. E% Z3 P. [
Polluted, pollution (formal)+ {* j" c- x5 R% r
Tint--- 坏因素对人负面影响 tint mind
2 D' ~# n2 p1 E$ [His reputation was tinted by the scandal.$ a) B1 j3 E% @; U5 m" }$ m: a4 l
Foul---1, 被动物, 植物,弄脏
; z) |$ m* `+ p* ?2 R/ N# `2 u% M            2,污染0 F' e' z. w  Z0 M  q8 H
The factory is responsible for fouling up the air.& s. @2 S6 J' {  J0 Z
Defile---使不纯
' w+ P; U6 [4 X$ a7 kPoison/foul up/pollute; ^7 {' d' P3 J# B

1 ]: `: v4 l& Q' y4 l2 hProvoke/arouse& L. d) ?" |3 V9 B" R% J( [3 [8 n( [
He was provoked and it was more than he could endure.

The book provoke/arouse my interest.1 R1 O7 S; w3 S) i' G' g6 `
Provoke sb’s interest in sth.
+ l* {8 ]* n0 l! ZProvoke sb to do& L+ S6 u: E* j6 j. u
Provoke sb into doing
  v' l5 i6 U# v+ i1 k) k/ ]0 v" i4 s/ \* R
Revulse/disgust/dislike
6 P9 d  Q- k, A4 }& fUncanny/mysterious/eerie/weird/cryptic 鬼鬼祟祟
" o/ F0 u+ o$ ^# J/ H- ^+ Q
) J/ \) _' m1 _He erases the name from the name list.* L. f" Z, O  i( J
Wipe out---wipe out sweat on your face.
; `; Z  K7 h- Q: x& c8 MObliterate 涂去
/ R5 m3 y0 t# J) z6 Z7 I3 Q2 N0 P, Y- KHe obliterated two words in ink /with a pen.5 T# i' I) O% R+ h) Y. V9 n: Z& d* m

% N6 b# ^# Y" f+ B* u`Entrance n. to the room
$ a; v( V, }* J" p4 Ken`trance v. 出神的
' D6 \0 M0 B5 T. tcarry away with joy and delight.0 s% W6 P# Q/ f& H
Be entranced in  thought 想的入了迷5 g% V" ]. e0 j7 ^! ^" P. D
Be entranced with filmy book/story. R1 @9 z' |$ \. u
Be entranced with fear . 吓的魂没了
) D$ }5 l' r* J( C6 w% j; N7 o" G; A1 x$ c/ ~6 }/ _& m& R4 f0 J0 G

; V  r5 ]; @! V9 h3 E/ a) e# F  s' o* a' ~3 ?
Ingenuity in sth/doing sth.机灵地+ t# T& P* J+ l4 U
We have been brought up to do sth.& v7 |* V# ?0 F5 a) e
Do more(sb) harm than good." ~( O9 ?" M  ], }

' ], {6 g+ t6 S$ v0 U* n做定语时,light  过去式只能用lighted.: f; H/ N' I7 L1 Q7 W
In dread = in fear
" \/ Y, U, J! Y) H1 xIn dread of  L6 M0 _. {8 R* o+ d  y
Dread doing /dread to do! P: W& P- o: V% v1 r6 }
% d" U: g% ]5 f% ^* o
用not only…but(also), 介词要重复
2 }8 H5 Y# D; [/ l: qdispel/erase/get rid of/ remove% p0 m# q+ f  X& W7 X* h5 c, R! y( x
does nothing to do
) v8 @1 S% ]8 ?  l( obe fascinated with: s# F+ V: Z& Y3 [/ F( R$ `  o

/ R7 H) g+ m4 m2 f0 t% c1 _go about/get down to your business.! [1 e2 I* ~7 |! x- e8 A* p
Stand in awe = fear by respect
+ d1 L" @  y+ {( D2 y; |* |: pStand in awe of
! I3 Z, M  N9 f  nGenerally speaking, employees stand in awe of their employer.% U6 \8 s+ I0 B  X
0 d9 j. R1 }& s6 p, \
A colony of ants  b$ o/ |( K/ f1 y( y7 E
Colony/column/cluster
3 R& H$ q& s" O2 p% S
9 d1 ?8 y$ b  t! \' `% OWere to be found (formal)

Were found (oral)
" r8 ?* v% q8 s; B7 V( C这样的词还有 see, congratulate# e4 V$ d" e7 [) ?* l9 i6 e

6 b# {4 m7 I8 P& L4 A8 Z- ]set out to do /set about doing5 R! }7 T0 a6 F
I work hard making it possible to pass.2 \3 {& a  x1 e7 g
Without being able to do = unable to do
  ]; u8 X7 G. c& [0 hHoping to do = in the hope that8 f9 D$ M! Z1 k$ ~
0 D/ ~/ K( [& a4 Y& L$ y; X( }
I took a beating completely.输掉了0 A, }+ }3 |' f: Q  g5 a1 g0 D5 |
Be likely to do 有可能做
1 q: X0 ]$ l: G: G% F: l) Y, iNo less likely 可能性不大
8 r9 w6 ~( U& m. I6 ^! Z7 h/ `. Q) {
Lurk in the darkness 潜藏
+ M* @1 `1 g7 j1 JHinder sb from doing sth) C2 A8 B& G7 h2 P
In a state of chaos.
3 w& C* k# Q. T7 @6 W  i3 t* x# c8 d' v9 c6 u6 N' t! R0 Q
Conceive of     构想
# b7 P) y+ u$ p$ b2 w( G: E8 @I can’t conceive it. 我构想不出来8 U* Y! p1 y: N3 F* F# _/ o& C* c
Conceive of sth as /regard as /describe as/imagine as /refer to….as/think of …as7 U1 I! p) L: E: G
Inconceivable 不可思议的
; u% ]8 r' L5 ]3 m1 I+ d; v2 ?
% w5 L7 |/ t& d% J. N0 g9 L% s$ y- @! k/ S% p
Veritable    真正地,地道地
9 K2 a+ `( r" C( ~* Z' ZDiscard A for B 把A 舍掉换取B
  O- w* t* E8 \4 D; B2 X. bRansack 洗劫
3 r* d, E2 ]$ t) K/ rThe robbers ransack the bank.
6 ~' L# C" a) z% [" nFussy person' z* h  s# b$ O7 o

* O$ S3 T* ]/ y  U% J) X- P5 e8 |- ~$ bHaving a lesson tired me and my school bag had grown heavier with every step of the way home.* y3 Z: \' |) F- T$ m4 h6 }
7 D, @, x7 p0 K: D# G
思想完全集中在
" \& R  s1 y7 p! K6 I' B8 W0 c6 }I didn’t notice you at that time because my thoughts were on the text book.
+ V8 `' q& M, R- N- KThere was no trace of sth3 F, I' ^7 S8 f* Y& F+ o6 u" U. n
In her sudden discovery that….." A! K+ l* o6 O+ i- E1 ]! u& j" `

. k1 @* M4 Z% z  _' oIndiscriminate 不加选择的,不分青红皂白的
0 C; u9 f8 f% I  n7 IHe is ~ in making friends. 3 h# T8 S8 ~4 w& ^& Q
Uncritical  不加鉴别的! X2 @7 d. M( {) u# G
He is uncritical while going shopping.7 i- F. @1 s5 Y/ G! n
以上两个词都可替换为unselective.
. v2 H2 Q. T6 o+ ~4 ^5 r- A
$ N3 O5 w3 F9 u/ _: hHaphazard   任意,不计划的/ [3 Z8 C& S; h2 q" D: ^6 K2 t% @5 `
Make haphazard remarks 随口乱说

At random& ^) n' ]% B9 F, j) X5 U8 j1 H
This is my random guess.0 _+ W8 B( w5 j- {% J, B. R% }
Casual 随便的, 漫不经心的; D$ ]" u- _* a. I: U& w
9 o% M8 P) C+ \
Undiscriminating 不加区别的/ x  ]3 v1 \! o& Z0 X3 ]6 d
Indiscriminate……….6 L, `. N$ w  e9 d% e

% ]; q; c/ O7 [+ Z" z+ |$ IDesultory  随意的,无条理的& G0 \; c3 z0 |' ?/ A+ K. z/ v
The careful study of a few books is better than the desultory reading of many.
0 @) ?. w  \7 ?( j( H% u' u( w/ t0 Q3 t& l0 V
requisite   指生活必需品
3 c( x7 _& {4 {+ G% a# L4 G- W4 @+ z7 Xnecessity ………………..和必要因素
; x8 R& N' d% U) s
: h/ i8 m9 A) T! q! f3 ]1 Wmania 癖好   have a mania for doing
+ d! g/ B1 H& P8 f. xcraze  n. 热潮& R# _; f# r  H' F# `+ Z
have a desire for sth/to do sth/ ~( `$ H* n8 `: {/ Y% M1 t" r

5 z0 S, I4 [* x$ K7 Y' X; pverify    查证,核实
* _  Q3 B; _4 Ecertify  证明, 保证6 N3 y" a( w0 k9 m+ a$ F6 m- C
confirm  
6 l$ e6 |4 A% K6 F3 B$ f7 v0 R! \document  v. 用文件证明" X9 S0 t7 O3 R' y1 _
I don’t believe it. I only believe in document.
2 S! X; o, E! s$ ^; a# n6 JSubstantiate  证明(某事有根据)5 T6 \  x- |. ]  B4 B5 M. d
Validate  使生效, 确认,证实) n2 B$ D6 i+ q( k
We must validate the law.
2 w6 W; U% `* H2 MProve  证明,证实是否怎样. U, b1 y) F7 _1 o! ~

- |2 h- d$ \/ X9 p区别:
# P8 ]1 n  s9 h5 Z' y. \7 ?bearing/relation/connection   关系,联系; Z- i, w; ~1 y. {$ M7 Q$ y, A
association 联想
6 l+ l4 q. B; ]: @& m' a$ O! [9 [2 c
like-minded  志趣相同的% x- G8 o8 `$ ]5 K& G
contented/pleased/satisfied/delighted/) G# V( x& Q: n5 s& `
He was not only pleased with my arrival but delighted with my little gift.
2 F" H2 d) V( iUnaware of doing so
% y+ E" ^' L, E* K3 XThey gradually acquire a value渐渐懂得beyond their true worth.3 k. n8 F" g- h+ K& N0 o3 L  d
I can not estimate the true value of my photographs in terms of money.
" P1 \8 w7 I( IIt is a harmless habit ,,,,,,,,2 P& @: Q* E" t4 {8 ]" h4 q
Collecting as a mania is a harmless habit.
, q# ?: _' E7 c no time for boredom.
5 Y- D* `" D' a# Q3 y8 Q6 P* qI have a collector of what can be described as valuable stamps.0 O8 I6 k4 }2 U5 B3 Z& B" a) u, o2 P
I know a person of what can be described as a bookworm.
4 u) @0 `& P+ ~. `& p* D7 [* Q' i* {, f
平行结构

I failed my exam for two reasons, lack of hard work, being late for the exam." T% B4 ~0 t: c9 I7 [6 n
In an attempt to do….   竭力做某事3 H% f* N5 j2 r  ~& @* `
He rarely goes shopping in an attempt to save up.6 r" R  N$ ~+ s- F
Save doing sth 免掉做某事的麻烦
4 K7 W  ]% ~! ] Save the trouble of doing sth.
+ f/ V8 Z" T7 E) `2 h7 C* G, }' z  I) I( R3 a: N5 S1 V% U
Sth is housed at home. 被保存在家中
, g1 h( j) A; b# K- kThere is always something to do in connection with..; w5 n+ R2 X/ A( i
Have bearing on sth 与…..密切相关
' I3 O* h) Z$ [/ x2 R. Y2 L Relation to/be related to /have relation to
. I2 C3 `( N& N8 `( E4 K' K! `$ n- c  e
In search of =for: ]1 b2 U: r& b# D) u3 b
We are confined to three meals over the years/as time goes on.
" J+ l$ Q# l, LCollecting, by accepting spare time so constructively, 提前了,强调makes a person contented, no time for boredom.! }6 a+ s6 q1 r# n$ V  J0 ~9 F
Make as if to do = pretend to do
& s' @4 Q2 L0 s* S8 N2 t8 oMake believe --  假装(固定搭配)
8 j9 o6 b. _7 M4 T4 Z He made believe that he knew everything about the secret.
# {7 [0 x' u6 l* P$ X/ ?2 v& XMake up to 奉承/kiss sb’s boots/flatter4 H6 c+ s6 }& ^1 A8 T
Make a clear breast of = confess completely# d; Y- a" G) s7 C& q

; ?2 p1 `" a: L% @$ Q( zCommunal 共同的, 普通的
9 k9 @1 B; T2 P  mGet round to do  抽时间做某事! q$ m) v& \( R  h$ `, Y$ W9 v
I want to get a pen to write with …
- h+ @6 R- o9 @" MUnlike 事物外在不同
0 \/ S* K! }9 c! g6 S  fDiverse 截然相反quite the opposite
7 H/ f, S# E% r* }Distinguished = eminent.3 E3 Y9 |( |6 T( t
Stand up to .. 经得起考验的: _& S4 q  c  J4 D$ Y( M
Bear out 证明,证实, y7 g5 \( e( I) u
Carry off 成功完成
2 J: Y( E( u( ^8 ]' C" P9 [3 `( NBe punctual to the minute. v) ~9 i& ^2 V1 T1 q3 y
Disregard/ignore/pay no attention to/take no notice of/ neglect
/ W. K, F3 C% t  G  hAbstruse 深奥的6 }8 p6 B" f/ G& H- s5 R8 f
Our efforts need to be further coordinated for higher efficiency.
9 j: k9 F, a8 l' i' J& R7 m- ^Harmonize  协调, 调和音; M' `9 a; q, V* e  h# ]3 b; ^
The music is harmonized.* n) Y0 e, s, n8 E, Y7 L
We have to harmonize our work.
. y1 z. h8 z) u* L. K* D: V
5 W/ W+ _) P0 S, f! R) ^. ^In fraction of  = a bit of
9 S+ Y& t3 h& Z; Z6 ~6 J/ Q) n  dGesticulate  动词, 打手势
4 f, F$ G8 w% K" _9 x6 b% F: c# v9 hFlourish  名词,………….
5 }' x* n* ]/ A/ |( _5 n0 bAdamant –strong-minded/firm/stable/unyielding/
) N; o' E5 l. @: RIn civilized/modern society. o9 L& X/ P7 M' d' Q: f
In ordinary living = in our daily life.

Has everything coordinated and organized for the matter in hand.
6 o/ D8 p, @  B+ K8 `! zKeep sb occupied # ~( _+ `: N; t
Most people have been tucked away at home.
2 @- `& j4 C+ s& _+ w& z$ D
; d) [( A8 {/ p& JCut it/things fine 掐钟点  cut time fine; `% W) v' W: ?7 [& Z: i
Be tempted to do/be eager /anxious /desperate to do 特别想做, t. I- w8 K) ^' W! p4 |; D% f& e& ]
Would rather/sooner do2 m  t( t1 ]% ?, U1 ~# k" A
Would prefer to do
: C2 [* D! L6 ~* k2 T- v7 N2 P; q% k; P9 o% o/ C7 Q4 v7 ~
Descent 降临
  l0 s/ ?9 _6 v: r3 A  ODarkness descended every soon.( e4 O9 j3 b: U, d: C# D1 S  [
The over-punctual can be 客观事实阐述 as much a trial to others as the unpunctual.  这种人
$ n) D6 u* i# X. E/ RSome people can be forgiven because of what they do even though they are unpunctual." ?+ e4 o3 u6 ?3 o1 r% N( `
The only thing to do was ask them to come half an hour later than the other guest.
: Q8 i% e! Z: Y/ OThe only thing to do is help you in this way. 不定式做表语, 如果主句也出现不定式,后面的省to
" }7 j  I% S8 |- D+ L! @+ xMean doing sth    意味着怎么样
! N5 x- f% c  O4 rDraw (pull) out of station 离站
( t$ Q  w1 S" N; a6 VIn good time = on time
% e. m  _4 r( Y
; ]# T1 x% V' c0 r# VBefall: sth bad happen to
# V2 {, l6 K7 HSuch a bad experience befell him,….$ {" s3 H, J+ |6 }
What happened to her?( N1 V# z- h) u# T( g7 A8 e$ N
What befell her?
  g8 U& ^. m2 o3 x" ^+ h' n
2 G0 U% L" d" t* `Stress the point = impress sb that.再三地叮嘱
4 b) g4 k. `& b4 O' t6 \$ D* ]) z Make two journeys to do sth 往返两次做什么: H' Z, I# L4 k, `9 P1 O
The girl, tears streaming down her face, begged to be allowed to slip into the guard’s van.6 u' x5 B0 j1 A: k- M5 C0 h, R' Q6 X
She had to watch the train to disappear towards her destination.朝着她的目的地方向驶去. g$ }# W- P0 C/ ]4 ?$ L
Set out/set off+ b5 c1 j. K0 F
Diversion = taking another road to avoid having traffic jam.
9 F3 h/ ]- L& N' [+ W# xOnly in a sparsely-populated rural community is it possible to disregard punctuality.
* C0 M7 z/ H3 l/ M& E& t. ]Although , being early mean wasting a little time,…
% I. i+ Y; }! WHad better 上对下,有经验对没经验的说7 e$ C0 \$ P5 c" ~
In varying degrees   在不同程度上
, Q" ?$ k4 Q! ?  R! i# v
+ n' {. I! W  X, ^Trial 讨厌的事
- Y# G* z% S- l# d# ETrying 气人的: e; u7 ^6 m; K
Detestable 可恨的,可憎的$ H4 y( D2 ^$ m* {! Q5 z% u; E
Provident 有先见之明的, 深谋远虑
2 W& P( L# W' p( i$ F叙述 recount: emotionless

describe/depict: a little emotional% u, O4 Q2 e" g/ I
narrate: temporal & special 时间,空间顺序,流水帐
' x, k  @: l2 O8 i7 c6 Cportray : 描述
2 t. t3 W- ^0 Xsaga 英雄故事---mostly real---from North Europe ---Vikings(pirates)
  q* q% \3 y( e$ I" Q0 Tlegend ---unreal, Robin Hood- ^2 @/ t/ ~# D$ Z) [
anthrop 人
7 z) I$ y) v9 P0 u5 c  v5 e/ M: _philo + sopher 爱+ 智慧=哲学家3 G) O3 d0 A  T) i  v
phil  + anthropist  爱+ 人=慈善家
4 a2 _0 M% {( Y" x
! W7 R% w# s: ?; F5 zan—在前面ancestor/forefather/forebear, h( ]: U( x  r; o) ]3 a, v
poly 多
" _% [9 C. U' a  J( xpolyandry  一妻多夫! T$ k* {. N. P; Y
polygene   一夫多妻0 y- x# E) w. y# X) M6 E1 `8 a

4 Z, e5 m! m! r( {. }/ K9 Qdon’t act as you were the only cobble 鹅卵石 on the beach.
* |9 e9 [! [$ E1 lFlinting hearted  心狠无比9 c: c8 U- h8 `! u3 i2 w- ?
Rot to death  自生自灭
% y7 F# F& L/ q* eSoon ripe, soon rotten 如神童
) d6 ?7 z0 }  {( p3 e! J* HHe is rotten to core. $ j+ L( ?0 Z7 q7 R9 F. u
Decay/decompose/deteriorate
9 q/ M1 Z/ k. ^* t& mTrace the problem 弄清楚问题. c/ \, @" D" Q7 S2 |" S3 ]0 ~
I follow your trace. 你去哪儿,我去哪儿+ b, `) y8 b3 c4 V: O% F
Read of /speak of /talk of/know of/hear of
" Z  a, y/ r4 z. Y( Z读到      讲到                   了解到 听说到# c) A1 I" Y8 u! Y9 K4 K
I heard of you. 听说过你/ Y0 `! f) E2 d' b) Z
4 |9 y4 [' H. R, s+ Y, x* p
以欧洲为分界线
" g1 i8 y6 t' \6 v- C6 b7 YNear East : 近东,如 Mediterranean, south Europe, North Africa # _* o4 O$ B9 Y0 U, E
Middle East: Iraq, Kuwait, Iran% N8 x8 W% Y) o4 F3 U
Far East: China, Japan, Russia- M* n" w3 h. K) Z( R, O3 p

: k" U. S' o5 V2 `  b- JOral language precedes written counterpart.
, }, ^# {/ C9 n) cOral language is earlier than written language.
& i; e; v# x! F2 n# T+ D( @Fortune teller, palm reader7 K" C: P3 E) ]2 w( x
Migratory bird 侯鸟
0 Y6 x8 r& Z3 |' ^# n
& p) r6 N3 }! N8 L& |7 ~He was hospitalized. 住院4 J+ U: [# @/ T$ c+ a  \( [
Therefore ---自由
& V& L  G4 [) V, M. P% t9 YSo---不自由$ F" {' z* @- z* n2 s
He is therefore a liar.
, D$ z2 V- V+ H) Q/ k5 o9 B5 P! d( E# SHe is a liar therefore.# @4 x$ ^/ p- T) s5 B/ I5 a
Therefore he is a liar.

Peel 果皮- Z# |  b# L7 S, F% `
Hide 兽皮
6 J1 W- c$ Q! Q- g0 z7 ?Leather 加工过的皮革; D/ h: s9 [! m8 {0 c
Cowhide 牛皮* s) k4 p$ }7 m7 H# L. E* X
: E' Y$ _) S: Y" ~
Without any trace 无影无踪7 j$ F$ ^  G! i1 {! U' G: V
Sharpen your ear/mouth  提高听力/口语
1 i! V- y. ~; J8 b; rThe birds of same feather flock together. 物以类聚,人….% ~# X  h5 Z- V' F
You are the same flock.7 @) N: I& D" z$ @: u9 Q7 j" ]
I owe you a big favor.9 R1 L% @" X5 x
To issue I owe you. 打白条
2 O2 w! y: l7 r5 ~+ P" tI am much obliged. 深表感激
) @; J; Z) U: w# F/ zI am indebted to you.
# i8 @2 w" k2 Q0 \+ H6 O. II appreciate it.( {: J) t! f* z! U
Grateful, thankful,
$ j( `6 n  w$ w' [! WHe is a beast. 禽兽不如7 z8 n( e2 k; U& ]5 \2 U
A fraction of rice will suffice. 少量来一点8 H$ H  {/ g) f
A small part (oral)
! e2 y! H' k9 F0 x& V# r8 M
# v; R! M" I. m. i0 }- ]' u I beat you on your behalf. /for your own sake/benefits.
8 c& w4 T; ]$ z/ MAuthorize  批准: z6 d# F+ V# f- A( e" P- B
Authorization 权威性的
  \. O3 }8 z/ b9 u( |/ E7 X----tarian 带这种词缀的都是坏词
4 f9 o/ u* i2 G: ^% Pauthoritarian 独裁的
4 C3 X/ }, x+ V5 W. jdictator, dictatorial+ U6 Y7 R9 z8 h. N2 K7 ?1 ]
authorities 权威(可单可复),  当局,只可复9 a3 f; u( y6 J1 L- ]% E
Bush administration8 r3 f' p5 c/ a$ w8 C/ f) H# j4 x
BJ government
7 j$ P( K* b: O2 q+ K$ J: B% Y+ _4 L# J- e: ~; N" u
The fifth nation wide population census .1 I3 ]' [- N- T9 H- O  N: w
Censor  审查员, censorious  太挑剔
2 T# v5 h, X$ A' S$ |Football 橄榄球= rugby (美)
; [% T, z9 F1 uSoccer 足球(美)$ j# _- p2 N: K! N3 g" A6 B* w
8 k; d" C1 r4 X9 g5 M; y/ H/ G! P- r
He is content with status quo.
# o; W. a" F# JContented heart 心满意足
2 J7 P8 W/ z+ P5 |* n0 x# }Spare me 饶了我
7 ~0 X4 m8 B, L$ f3 YSpare my life
5 y1 A$ i. }: \He doesn’t spare himself. 自律性强1 W' ~7 S) U; n
I spare no efforts to learn English.不遗余力干什么7 ^+ F" Z# d! t
Do my shoes 系鞋带 do my nail/hair(only for ladies)
3 |4 K: [' y$ x5 }0 h$ ?/ f$ p/ W8 s; D4 j$ R
Why , you may wonder, the problem of pollution befalls human beings.

Greatest/dying/crying/dear enemy 天敌
  \$ R7 a" z6 r5 CHuman race 人的种类, 一般不加复数,总称" E, t: v6 ^" E* X7 X

7 }3 y3 U" b3 V' w0 E- O' q5 R, KDevour the food/book
, _( J  |" i  n- @! dMake a cake of myself
" k9 J# z0 c$ z$ r) s$ `/ k. a7 x$ B. S$ l1 I6 T& W) {0 a8 Z' T
I would not survive if it were not for his timely help.- m, X2 l; ^3 n! V
But for---- 一定是虚拟语气= if it were not for+ H; B; C& u" n" |  K3 H6 H# M# D
We two put together can match him in weight.* [8 o" o1 S' R( o/ x1 \: E, J

0 j6 `" `$ F0 o, Y7 cMake guess at/make wild guess at/make more than the wildest guess at…( ?9 Q6 r) L5 `, n1 z( ?
Job hopper 跳槽者& M4 l! [  k. S( p1 i
Cuckoo 布谷鸟,杜鹃鸟
1 a* Q+ W/ m+ B. W9 sDragonfly 蜻蜓  earthworm 蚯..
7 Y- [, P8 k# W' P3 ~
) y, x' |2 N8 S% U( B5 @/ \Climber/mountaineer/Alps---alpinist
! N2 ?+ C% \1 b& P3 c* uAlps range 山系' i; b8 _0 b2 N0 L( n! }1 f

7 U$ y4 s) H4 V: g! D4 j) I  L3 g# MAttain/to get to/to arrive at/in
" I' O. V! ~; g: y抽象词attain one’s goal, attain youth 永葆青春9 z2 n) \& s! V% f; `* G
attainment n.  达到
* W  E4 g) ^1 Z3 Q- J3 s9 a. Mattainments 成就= accomplishment
$ \8 [, h9 F: H" b! V, U% j' m5 E& w1 m( B. b
peril n. 随时到来的危险性 perilous
& Y5 G! V. K4 xavalanche: D$ A4 v1 q3 n9 p) ]" b1 i7 u

: T# Z! t2 ~: x* Dshudder 一下子的冷5 ]5 A/ E3 b3 D7 V3 D
shiver :  cold and nervous  如第一次参加GRE
; M" D' K0 ?* M! Squiver: excitement , maybe cold  如被清华入取* n$ `3 ~! L9 y0 w) ^4 ^3 a3 Q5 @/ @$ G
tremble: long and very obvious 在寒风中等 bus
3 F6 V/ ]" x- G2 q6 G2 [
: q# c  U" v# ^go out of one’s way 专门, 故意. ?1 G1 D' O% E) Q+ D) f

6 k1 e7 |; g  {: [Court:, p* f$ ]- ?8 H. W8 N5 u3 P0 i
courtier 朝臣, court 朝廷
. q, @& m) E8 f2 y7 [- j# v4 bcourteous 彬彬有礼的. F' t  [1 g# ?7 W/ ^
法庭) @- U4 x! z9 {' b6 ^
娱乐场soccer/golf/tennis court
; ~: N1 j9 n5 x7 x* S0 Q追求: N9 n# B* Z: t+ q! \
招致pride courts failure. + @& ^- L9 ~7 a8 |) ]# A
1 ?1 V! W6 }. O; y
Solitude  --- I live in solitude./ I live a lonely life.4 H1 f6 t5 z) Z9 ]1 H; N# v2 S6 Y
A great many men will carefully face impoverishment if they can secure complete ruin for their rivals. Hence, present level of taxation.

Coarse throat * Q& k4 t7 n' ~8 e1 j
Sore throat
2 f0 S" K) M& z$ K: u$ zCoarse fare 粗粮<>refined~% }+ Y" K/ M; M8 a2 n" U
Only for adjustment 只是调剂一下
  i6 o3 U9 x" H, {1 sIn a coarse manner 粗暴无礼
: Q) A* c+ n% v; {* T
/ z  p  y7 O/ v. Q/ W. nBoast ---人做主语表夸耀4 ~8 o! V- V# j5 u6 t% d$ w
               物………….拥有
" L! A# _$ ?( E8 \+ Z* Ahe boasted of his knowledge.
8 @6 Y8 d1 u. pThe center boasts a team of high quality researchers.
- \6 r) {. [, H) ]
- D6 x: P) z4 `. h7 h" D) Z  m  Y/ C7 O) @Regard sb with sth 感情词/love/hatred/horror/request  T% Z, q% E- ~$ i+ C* j
The scenery is at the peak of the mountain. 无限风光在险峰& n/ l! o# ~6 e4 U% C7 \7 v8 j
He is the kindest man.9 C! G! D( I/ ?" m2 o1 C5 A' w
He is the man of the kindest nature." g8 {2 U$ j7 W$ M3 V, w% E
Eye catching 惹眼, 赏心悦目
7 A$ r6 X0 ]7 X& F, U. z3 k9 O% B! F/ }! P5 t9 g
This book, as it were, is his life portrait.
- r$ c) X4 R. A7 ZBe accustomed to + ing
6 R0 Y- w' G9 M7 C5 R+ T! }0 \I am used to the climate here./ ?% T7 `/ c( p% [" M: S: L
I am used to the life in BJ./living here., G# |- b7 S4 r! N% n; [6 e  _

+ U! {1 G) [8 gScratch a meal
* X- h5 H* H$ m4 m# @/ [Education brings great change to his outlook/view on life.8 p: ~& [& F- G; c$ F
Curious talent 特异功能" u5 s  w- \2 V' D% \9 _
Strange still 更加奇怪的是,表示语气增强
) M5 ]9 W! n( T
4 i. g2 {, L1 H) @Perceive 感觉, 瞬间感到+ I4 \. w7 i8 s1 ]( l
To make out 费尽心思辨认出
3 G) y9 X! z, c7 ~) zI looked thoroughly for my elderly mother, finally, I make her out.
2 S$ J. @5 \1 h: a" t/ p) fYeah, I remembered, I finally make her out.
# p+ a8 D% J2 F6 {I perceive a fly in my teacup.
+ N! k$ c" Y0 P- y- t0 o0 X4 N/ D, {0 t8 F4 R/ h
Opaque 不透明
& P4 Z0 N% @6 x  S8 OElbow one’s way out of the crowded ) k1 j, B. M& {  ?6 x
Blindfold
$ |4 m5 H6 o- i' x- KSomething of 略有
4 Y$ H; D2 M. k8 ^& t6 e9 VIntrepid 勇敢/brave/valiant/gallant/dauntless
5 r: w0 I5 o6 L4 Q/ p6 G" WGuts/gutsy 口: D" e, w8 |$ M9 }- M8 f

7 `: D9 f* C1 s* s4 ]. y' p4 j6 YHe is a gorilla. 丑
9 |0 Q; s! i$ `* ]! F" FParadox, paradoxical
( a" q" I1 R6 z! M# j- w, |I mount. 我爬山

Mount  陈列(联想货物爬上货架)
6 l. V5 E& e* m. eStereotyped (printing)
# V! O. B# J* r' g0 ]Dark jungles
! U, B. l. O( p' E0 D  b9 p) ?Answer the call of nature 土
: i3 w; j8 v9 O3 O) z1 R9 u. CPay the debt of nature.死亡委婉语
8 U9 f& b0 r4 y* ~! fLate senior leader. 已故领导人
% g" K/ i, P+ I: i: V! ?
0 ]* h' k% X, \( k
9 [0 D% s" Q. Y2 I( CThe old memories still haunt me/ring in  my ear.; D0 K. q% G/ b, n- V
I often haunt about the bar. 光顾
" L( H8 j. G- `' n( @
4 D9 S* X: r4 \6 {& N  W5 J( GElude 躲闪  elude tax 逃税
5 }: B; K1 ^7 c) I/ b+ PThe problem eludes me.
& C- Z5 r) J5 g  Q# @3 D8 u- W5 w% m9 V2 `2 S' T
Impose influence on …..  W6 Q. z1 M0 `- W
Impose pressure on…! z# V* D0 L+ r; T% E+ ?4 s, C
Exert …….on….
3 _+ j* |8 A: d; c2 W* p% ^8 _8 J4 J# J/ [! I
Have a strong fascination for. y/ F  p, x* R. L9 {4 a
Be fascinating to sb
' V9 R* Q3 p$ o3 G
( S3 p% S, Z$ o# K+ V' S. X& ]Though 引导的从句主语与主句相同,从句主谓可以省略
5 z& F- Z- s$ P$ K+ BI arrived at the meeting, though(I was )late.
4 f: ^3 |; Q8 C8 K+ v
' c( A  {8 U: I( kKeep the …..under….observation 把某事物置于观察之下1 j- Y8 |3 W5 L# l, z
I have to keep the boy under close control.
: K) l. u% [+ j$ j" n' z0 P
3 ?# s! ]! j7 D& ?No man, however intelligent, is perfect.5 ~& q% X' ~- f' e6 A  r$ e3 {
No place, however peaceful and tranquil, is a paradise.) e. o0 ]% b' ]) U. f3 v
& e( ^! A( l. Q: L
Wild death  /          organ’s decay! ^" c5 u, f7 ?& I& m
Devoured by others  弱肉强食. N7 J: A5 E* K. Z/ A9 s0 s- U
Intelligence quotient IQ
! s) L" b5 N5 D( V; ~' L6 P7 r( B
9 ~) ~7 b5 I2 X6 S- U* B4 L' dCID   ----criminal investigation division 香港重案组4 h% ~6 k$ n$ |

: E" a+ w7 \" z5 R8 c$ h/ xHe is as much a musician as a writer=he is both a musician and writer.
1 z' J0 T. q5 N' ~# n7 A9 SSpend money like water.' F( a1 O' ?+ u8 N# A2 {

/ R4 e9 |) \9 u: W. HTake leave to do sth 冒昧做..
) V. b/ S  g: v% q" O& rI take leave to say/be frank….& w5 ]' w) i0 O& v6 W
(oral) may be I am too bold…..! T4 Y; O/ x6 Z7 y! n. l) L
I am bold enough….+ e% u8 K3 _# B3 L. p4 M
Allow myself to say sth…..
8 Q0 ^) u; t6 nTake one’s leave = take leave 离开(正式用法)

该人正烦: what a bore /  what a nuisance / what a trial  /   what a jerk.
. n) p: q0 }7 Q: [1 \/ d4 L
, y7 j7 L+ M3 I0 W5 @I get down to my studies.* F# n' C+ ?) h7 n* ^; }
I get down to learning book.
- b# n, x* t) P! a
: E6 `& @' q9 lAir of freedom 无拘无束" X! |1 s0 `- [9 e, P" C
Rosy/shining/brilliant/glorious/magnificent/gorgeous  future.
" p0 O( f0 j: u5 Y7 Y
  i! W! L7 c+ j& TIn one’s glory…. 鼎盛时期. ?, |% z% C, ]# F4 s# h0 B% R
In one’s day…
8 H2 `+ s5 G1 [- x2 V' J; \In one’s golden days…
# e' ^# Q5 L) `6 x9 H/ BIn one’s prime time….& ~9 b$ j; u8 B7 o2 c/ k# f
In the pride of one’s life…..: q/ J& _* ]6 r3 n/ t) V; L/ E
( ~* O2 H' n; G
They are at odds.9 r! O$ E% T3 f! C% T
Have words with sb. 和….拌嘴
$ M) g6 R: G, m* I, v- _5 c
2 ]8 O- K. S9 R' u+ m: vDo you get the rub?  }/ `) ]  x) y' H
Do you get the picture?
9 g$ x, y5 k4 {6 e+ g2 }& F2 GDo you catch me?
  C! P! ]+ a& h- T: V6 v  jDo you get me?----No, I am totally lost.
) V( u9 {& H, E8 Q5 q) }4 D+ X1 |' p, h4 U. i$ p
Adolescents 13-16
& \; u- Y% j& R" `4 @: pJuveniles 青少年
  D/ F2 e; U/ c/ v4 L, f4 c) {Youth 20-30
0 Z# t, Y& ?% N5 J# S: R( \% `6 }/ i3 I# [! Z& S$ R
Air (plural) 神态% G5 H$ C" ~  `, y- G0 w  e2 ?
He always puts on airs. 摆谱
# P2 a7 k* @% UArrogant airs 傲气
! R' e8 Z# G4 L* k  y' q0 l7 FBureaucratic airs 7 g' b3 `1 {- R& _, ?* C
Finicky airs 娇气
4 \* j1 ~, \2 ~1 B7 U- [# u
0 Z$ \' d/ m; f; jDreary , drearisome 无聊
* m) p8 J- P# F6 [% k4 K  PSterile 枯燥无味
- C6 R5 y5 N; Y  ^8 EGloomy 沉闷. s5 p* B% ^" B9 Z9 ], w  s8 L. m
Monotonous
0 Q- u" i) V, B1 v( R; _Lifeless
/ p! V" i- u- u, Y7 c
6 y. v9 f$ G3 s" s& KI have ambition to go abroad/for going abroad.: q0 d( c- h4 ~
Fish for wealth and fame 追逐名利8 o+ r8 Q" k9 F: R2 t" N* x
Chase for fame and gains& K& b' a; |8 K' w
Pursue for
( e: t! |, p( P! |( o6 `; p, I) r1 c+ h: g+ K
Astro- / aster-  天体  disaster7 C; i- p$ H' {
Cosmic place 大都市Metropolis

Violent wind 狂风  W& K/ u( Q+ i; ?& A& U. U3 i; E
Violent death  暴死+ S/ f' ^- z* |) e: |" w- u
Vehement 猛烈的/Tumultuous
% v0 W. C  f% i8 STurbulent 潮水猛涨  }8 x4 c& U/ n
- U- B# b7 b0 _) F& d3 n8 R( o
Govern 管理的
4 Y: H8 E* Q6 K. WGovernable 能控制的: D" Z3 o2 C" ^; G. Z, D

( Y7 Z$ H0 t1 A6 Y: n' @Provincial 目光短浅的
, m! d1 q" _! W# M( NInsular  绝缘, 目光短浅! K3 ?0 o) ~" b
Suburban 见识不广. A2 k" M! [8 Y' K
Urbane 有礼貌的; S! q- T: k" \8 |6 S# [
% n1 x; p0 u2 f- o7 F9 h) ^
Over-confident 自高自大9 x- Q: N  k" L; W4 v8 {$ i
Big-headed/ H; N/ u1 \5 j" x' b$ z
Cocky' o6 {2 X% V9 r" q5 _$ K
Presumptuous (formal)
: a" w- g# U5 `. E1 D- o9 H# p- X" K' }" a$ u. O7 ~5 z% W
Let us (speaker exclusive) 咱们不哭了,如孩子哭时
0 O" x* Y; |. P. j) fLet’s (speaker inclusive)
5 g( L/ R" |  u: `4 Z, C; i
- N7 C' t' k9 t/ H' o8 ^+ \2 t" rFundamental sins 原罪
" U  x# C  G6 ZFundamentalist 信奉正统派基督教的人3 `, z& |4 w4 n" s$ K: Y& e: n1 h
Goodwill = friendship: \1 F3 i9 z& C
Goodwill games 友好运动会
* {& k/ g, ^, X: \# I" E8 B) HGoodwill visit  友好访问" b: s! j! x- a$ ]" ~- a
State visit 国事访问6 w: f" k8 |  h+ U! {$ c) G( V

+ t0 C+ a/ x% G5 U$ a8 s0 jAs merry as a cricket 蟋蟀, 板球
* G* H& W% q5 }% y
) c! a0 D0 M# Y4 HShow inclination to do sth(formal)
% i2 ^4 n) x( K# p, A3 [- DFollow one’s inclination 随心所欲. C% D9 f! N& w4 \: |% C- R
7 \; L8 B. M# ?% p) o! I
Contest--- a group of judges
: F2 ~3 `  [+ N5 S6 j# |Competition---socially/ v/ p6 S. i+ y- w
Game---physically, mentally
' F8 X; @1 y9 a  R$ J" C- C9 gMatch---quite important
/ Z' T  r& X0 e5 dTournament--- 淘汰赛, 巡回赛" i! z5 V* P0 g! i% l5 w
Race ---以速度见长2 N9 W% O- D2 X5 n* H  v( F
0 e; I6 O& c+ f" w- V* |2 l. m9 }
Revelry in  对….狂欢
3 @4 Z" T$ Z" B. l5 t; u% c% z9 fSpree…, on a spree" R! I" N3 S: j+ ]+ B  R6 Y
On a shopping spree 购物狂

Combative (贬义) 竞争性的9 o" O7 t2 C+ P# Z
Aggressive/ g, t/ A/ N. @0 u3 t8 u
* |  }" o: H6 L2 G: N# p
Competitive (中性), 褒义# D9 ^) z/ z/ b0 A! m* s1 I* d
Compete with sb with sth1 ?! m, a* i, d* n3 B0 `* I" h

5 F3 n$ ?0 o! j: }; G$ k) pPick up sides
& t+ p% k% ~  h, V. w$ N% bPatriot 爱国者+ ?7 p8 \) j( M6 u* s7 b
Patriotic 爱国的" w1 {0 V! ]" a" F3 f4 |( r% v. i
Involve oneself in0 M5 n, D' [3 h1 {) t6 v' U
Be involved in
( Q6 v3 o9 ]- |) {: @" B
2 [& s) S; P# j  g* qPrestigious 享有盛誉的
: D! e9 R( b: [Prestige 名誉& O" y2 A* C0 r% z, ]8 B
Fame <> defame' ?4 D0 ~4 P5 A2 k9 z
Renowned 著名的+ f" a/ u: {$ u3 ?- V
Eminence2 p6 v- T3 x/ ]9 [5 e

& v1 C9 g3 M2 J1 oGrace,面graceful(文章步调雅致),graceless, 不优雅,disgraceful 丢脸
- K% w  ~$ h$ T3 j1 {Stigma 小偷小摸,有暇疵, stigmatize0 G( z4 h9 g) Y# F% n: b
Robbery stigmatizes him.
- }6 A  A& L0 V* a1 v8 X' ?6 o) l
Inhuman 残忍无比,
8 n5 ^2 r; {' N$ a+ S" v7 WNonhuman  非人类
8 r: o: T0 K, QRuth 同情<> ruthless- J) M+ |; B' e* W
Mercy<> merciless2 ?! F, a- M( z+ M
Beastly, savage
9 h+ |8 R! ^% k. O/ g- E
3 G/ b6 G. B5 s- _/ WTo be candid /candidly乘人不备时拍的,偷拍的a candid photograph一张偷拍下来的照片        straightly /frankly  o: f& V5 l9 @0 _
1 [5 \: e2 @5 x, ^2 j7 q
Mimic ---只用作定语，mine 人物原形 mimic war 模拟战争，mimic tears 假装的眼泪5 x; u1 Z! e4 N. o, N- p
Similar—作定，表语 we are similar. My idea is similar to yours.8 [( l. P! E, C% l: K
Alike---表语  great minds are alike.  d7 m0 l. d3 x% K0 w9 ~$ C
" }$ O. j. _; G6 R; p# {" E1 A
So many guests are present, behave yourself.+ `2 Z) Y2 T0 a: |  l7 A% P8 x
Audience 听众   spectator 观众    spectacle 壮丽的景色， 眼镜
* t+ v" W: N8 X; o2 Z: D, M" p
) {3 y4 E+ }. ~+ eWork oneself into + 感情词（正式）1 j& T, |" g  H) H: H4 \) y! U
Annoyance—aggravation----furious 程度加强
" y  w3 n8 L/ ]; [7 [9 S1 b% N- J: o% `: v' T
Amazed, surprised – 作表，主谓宾
& f. h7 o) D0 ]The news amazed me.2 O- Q8 p# n/ C' z* F& r
Astound, astonished ---表   I am astound to hear the news

Hear/watch/notice/see sb do/doing( b. J: C2 K; n

" l8 l/ |$ O* d) p* T% }Battle field---fight to win ---commander
3 X$ s! Q) _8 @; t5 {0 bDo your utmost ---shed blood---lose life
; _, a/ L& v; a, k: |! OSport field---play to win---coach---do your best—shed sweat ---lose face5 u+ w- a4 G+ _" B; K0 I0 o

6 d/ w  ^% X& }  PI go to the laundry.1 A- X: h! s$ e* o7 p! r; o0 e6 i5 @
Ready-made food/canned food5 J; n! U: s! _" n& e
Only needs heat it., p: \5 C' D2 x5 G) p4 b# ]

) M" U8 M! _' Q7 x1 s( s* tReserve 2 tickets/ a table for 2
/ ]; l% I. \+ t; p- CConserve 常用森林的保护， 避免不必要的浪费
  t6 K7 h* F& i5 Q% UPreserve 保存使新鲜，
0 m' Q5 f, N* ]" b3 LChina pursues the opening policy.+ W" U+ m- R' H* N1 T  O/ ?7 A" C$ q
A cold pursues me.4 K7 G7 I+ Q0 Z- f% f
In the pursuit of
8 w. h  E9 y0 t  j2 @
* |2 `8 J' i6 j! u1 e- ~/ @Tradesman, spokesman, statesman, craftsman " `) O% T* N% \  @
Jack of all trades, master of none.) |  z" t6 o1 G
Two of a trade never agree. 同行是冤家. F, e8 `8 z* ~0 Y0 m) ~; g
) b' p( d( B% x& d9 L8 a) X
Convention----世界都认可的习俗  x4 @8 A8 M) _
Custom—某一个种族所遵循的原则
: y2 ^  h! |9 |$ d5 UWhen in Rome, do as the Romans do.5 W2 C9 K/ w+ N- \$ X
Tradition –大到国家，小到家庭6 B% C1 |0 \0 {9 h

$ A+ |$ k/ I- r" zThe novel/movie draws well.很畅销/卖座
5 X& H# y8 o' `" c0 WThe novel is the best-seller. 最畅销
% @' Z; b8 z5 e6 S; C! QLand/draw money 赚钱     # A7 C( t1 p) l& @
! A5 C% G: f) s9 E; G
Considerable/substantial/fair/sizable5 Y( ]9 `; P& a
Accrue 增长vi. Interests accrue.5 h5 U  y# q3 ^! H
Workshop 1，作坊，2，专题研讨会= symposium8 j" w, B( ]4 J: E
Canteen—cafeteria
9 l8 q9 T' i4 Z& _4 ?0 w, b6 D: l! M. H# ?6 L( E
Paternal society 父系社会9 `7 A3 y' p( Z% B
Maternal ………
, c/ g, D* Y  n! x% xWho is the bread-earner?/wage-earner.
7 o3 N- {* U3 x* h; k$ C# _5 J' }$ E8 A" m6 U
Acquire 不费吹灰之力$ N2 {& K! w8 I4 M. v$ t
Man acquire the ability to speak.
( I. t8 A9 ~: M- r6 O& N+ F3 h5 ]8 Y- C% T$ C7 o( x
Feeling/sense of economic independence. 经济独立感6 q9 R2 n# T, v1 F# g. L- O0 {
Sense of honor/pride/responsibility/master/guilt.$ L/ p& h3 L; Q7 {: }
Superiority complex 优越感   inferior complex

Original 侧重thinking, thought( F+ s% v' z' L$ [1 N8 L
Creative …… hand ,inventive/innovative1 f; T7 x' t6 M# z6 n
Fertile—土壤肥沃，思想有创见& D( k& _/ r( x$ u4 W8 v* x6 h
Imaginative---有创见性
3 d3 q% J; e# e+ zImaginary –unreal, fiction
+ D  E9 @" e: `7 DResourceful ---足智多谋
/ h7 A1 J4 d% nOriginality n." Q+ @9 y2 ?+ _0 v8 V
  R& S& F& q0 X* p8 r# R+ w7 h
Where is your origin?----I am Chinese.
5 z% j& W( q& k& jBackstage manipulator 幕后操纵者0 N% A# {- l$ P& |0 l$ v
Puppet show 木偶戏
! |) Z3 C$ P1 c& r7 K7 V! I$ h! h! Z; t  z7 n- v1 S+ j
Is there any pigeonhole for me? =vacancy * {2 _  U/ t+ i( T" t: a
My room is a pigeonhole . 小
4 _5 w- g% g0 J' [% YI can’t swing a cat in my room.
: b4 F. m2 h* z7 {  L' PPigeon 肉鸽，dove 信鸽
" C2 S/ x; }) `8 v' v$ k) }. W& }! y2 v' a; Y
Passion 中性， enthusiasm 褒义
$ [9 b& B7 ~5 I, ~Crucified., 当时放的音乐就叫passion music  受难曲4 U7 {: O! o# |, I& H+ W
Enthusiastic for/  passionate for…/craze /frenzy/mania (病态)$ Q5 l0 J  B1 z

3 F' x0 i5 ^( Y9 K0 h6 b9 YMinor/slight difference 5 h5 D0 U, L4 I9 R
Shade. 来自绘画
+ p3 G6 Q5 N& P3 UAll shades of ideas/people" A$ W, _  @+ k: f  v
All walks of people: G1 x  D; f) y) ?& M: l* h( R
& W' u; Y( ?$ v9 I% ?5 G
Joint venture 合资# G0 X4 b& D; \" t( t/ o2 Y6 Z- b0 H
Foreign-funded enterprise 独资
8 f# {8 r, D2 R6 Q, x5 U---Owned enterprise 私企
# G& ^1 A, W% V7 A4 z stated-owned…..7 u/ J6 k4 d& l+ {9 p; a
joint declaration 联合声明
' T0 h- h; E* Z9 X, o6 hjoint efforts 共同努力3 A1 E/ D, u7 l
9 j& {8 n  S# a  U$ E& D, Y
flesh colored 肉色8 M+ ~1 f. H2 r0 n3 W  m6 a2 g8 `: W
he is characterless. 没个性
0 ]( R* g; B2 U
- G5 @" V' @. y9 \6 _2 GI crave for knowledge.. I have craving for…5 w% g$ C) b& Q( p5 D6 l
Thirst /hunger/lust/appetite/yearn for
! e2 a3 ]7 Y6 U& X! f9 k, X3 r6 Y- ~$ a9 M+ i7 f& u, s
Arrest  有罪逮捕
1 K4 O! V, u+ a( u* R3 M( WCaptive 俘虏， capture 双方交战被俘3 u: ~# k6 y, P- V, \% A1 h
The observed of the observers 瞩目中心' J) p7 i6 ^, v! d. \$ m2 P1 ]! n
The news captures the headline of the paper.
" Z; O1 M3 m2 j9 J" o0 x8 QThe boy eventually capture her heart.

Juicy –your essay is so juicy. 文章美。
. f; _. j5 Q) t$ WTasteful 品味高雅
" V5 l; ]( P# t; Q2 d3 `$ EMy mouth waters.  t: M7 f, y2 [8 w
Promote sb to be a +位置2 F2 H/ e" G7 \4 }$ h: \
Promote sales 促销 promoter 推广人% ^9 G& a4 d) d4 H1 j1 x
He is a promoter for….( |+ \( N/ B7 m: v  l
I am hurt.
, v1 Q# a  r& t; qHeart attack 心脏病/ G: ^. }5 q  I" X' O: }
I ache for her = I miss her.
) P( C9 B' n$ e% j& j9 R
- Y" l! G! }. K( Q/ ?- i' h4 o2 z, sI dream a nightmare.1 i* T* M  z% r+ W! l6 T  o/ z
Nightmarish experience.
# D1 I) z$ G' h6 S7 Z$ t7 R6 PI registered for the new school year.      Registrar 管理成绩单的人
- C& d, c+ {2 ]4 p: ?/ oWhiz kid 神童， prodigy 天才
5 c/ B* m! u+ \8 h; [# mPacked like sardines & n* R% g9 M1 s$ m8 r5 m8 n2 b9 I
Sesame jam 芝麻. ~* L) n& V/ y8 S
Crowded/congested/jammed/jam-paced/overcrowded  y5 [, r  @2 w* @' y6 m# H) [* w

1 G" S- U- i  I$ o6 bI am in bewilderment. 困惑/ c' `, I1 \3 H! \4 @* O
Regard sb with + 感情词 honor/love/.awe/hatred./. \1 N) m# j3 \9 ~5 g" W$ z
$ u: l6 ?6 e, D
MA------------Master of Arts
8 c0 o4 i! Z1 `" t  [MS-------------Master of Sciences
# J5 Y5 q9 l6 }: m( r2 a, h0 @+ w  E2 _& u. N  U- s2 B
Characterize v. 刻画
( d2 d$ e! d1 `Character 人物) J8 S6 d% e& e! ?- p3 o
Characteristic 特色4 x8 R3 Z+ y0 y- U& L! l1 g) x, C

' \$ {6 `" U5 uTo compensate (sb )for his loss.
' ~8 K; L; G* A  X# ~8 w& D5 AFinancial compensation 经济补偿
9 H* {4 R) F/ S( i$ X* r) K3 D- xTo compensate for his loss financially.6 d0 U, @3 b; ?+ w

4 P# ]( ]* S9 M+ L" a$ mSth impressive, A* L2 P# ]7 e0 N& X& P
Sb impressionable 很容易受影响的人， 情绪化的1 [# q* w0 d: i
Impressionable age 。。。。。。的年龄
+ l/ p( h; H9 O( f' }  dGive sb an impression/ be under an impression 有点带假象5 O  x# h1 ?  e
Leave sb an impression.' |4 h" y' a. @& G
6 b- ?# ^; A9 v+ Q- V8 e, r1 G
Grandiose 原来= imposing 壮观的意思, 但是过于壮观就有点浮夸( g1 M% M% v0 a
Pretentious/showy/affective/ostentatious 做作
' o3 Z5 J" R. F. @6 ^+ r" G5 C$ o  V- M# s1 O: a( G1 u
A mask ball 化装舞会- h" h( p/ q$ |1 ~  `4 j
Mask my real intention of going on an outing.
9 Z. A! P% J) ?% @) LConceal 抽象事物