关于标点符号,大小写,数字的书写,我想大部分的人都认为自己没有问题。真认为写英文的时候,标点符号都用对了吗?请按照下面的RULES核对一下吧。
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目录:
1楼 Commas
2. Quotation Marks
3. Parentheses
4. Capitalization
5. Rules for Writing Numbers
6. Semicolons
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1. Commas:
Rule 1 | To avoid confusion, use commas to separate words and word groups with a series of three or more. | Example | My $10,000,000 estate is to be split among my husband, daughter, son, and nephew. | NOTE | Omitting the comma after son would indicate that the son and nephew would have to split one-third of the estate. |
Rule 2 | Use a comma to separate two adjectives when the word and can be inserted between them. | Examples | He is a strong, healthy man. | We stayed at an expensive summer resort.
You would not say expensive and summer resort, so no comma. |
Rule 3 | Use a comma when an ly adjective is used with other adjectives. | NOTE | To test if an ly word is an adjective, see if it can be used alone with the noun. If it can, use the comma. | Examples | Felix was a lonely, young boy. | I get headaches in brightly lit rooms.
Brightly is not an adjective because it cannot be used alone with rooms; therefore, no comma is used between brightly and lit. |
Rule 4 | Use commas before or surrounding the name or title of a person directly addressed. | Examples | Will you, Aisha, do that assignment for me? | Yes, Doctor, I will. | NOTE | Capitalize a title when directly addressing someone. |
Rule 5a | Use a comma to separate the day of the month from the year and after the year. | Example | Kathleen met her husband on December 5, 2003, in Mill Valley, California. |
Rule 5b | If any part of the date is omitted, leave out the comma. | Example | They met in December 2003 in Mill Valley. |
Rule 6 | Use a comma to separate the city from the state and after the state. Some businesses no longer use the comma after the state. | Example | I lived in San Francisco, California, for 20 years.
OR
I lived in San Francisco, California for 20 years. |
Rule 7 | Use commas to surround degrees or titles used with names. | Example | Al Mooney, M.D., knew Sam Sunny, Jr. | NOTE | Sometimes people having names with Jr. attached do not use a comma before the Jr. If they do not use the comma, then you should not. |
Rule 8 | Use commas to set off expressions that interrupt the flow of the sentence. | Example | I am, as you have probably noticed, very nervous
about this. |
Rule 9 | When starting a sentence with a weak clause, use a comma after it. Conversely, do not use a comma when the sentence starts with a strong clause followed by a weak clause. | Examples | If you are not sure about this, let me know now. | Let me know now if you are not sure about this. |
Rule 11 | If something or someone is sufficiently identified, the description following it is considered nonessential and should be surrounded by commas. | Examples | Freddy, who has a limp, was in an auto accident.
Freddy is named so the description is not essential. | The boy who has a limp was in an auto accident.
We do not know which boy is being referred to without
further description; therefore, no commas are used. |
Rule 12 | Use a comma to separate two strong clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction-and, or, but, for, nor. You can omit the comma if the clauses are both short. | Examples | I have painted the entire house, but he is still
working on sanding the doors. | I paint and he writes. |
Rule 13 | Use the comma to separate two sentences if it will help avoid confusion. | Example | I chose the colors red and green, and blue
was his first choice. |
Rule 14 | A comma splice is an error caused by joining two strong clauses with only a comma instead of separating the clauses with a conjunction, a semicolon, or a period. A comma splice creates what is
known as a run-on sentence. | Incorrect | Time flies when we are having fun, we are
always having fun.
(Comma splice) | Correct | Time flies when we are having fun and we
are always having fun. | Time flies when we are having fun; we
are always having fun. | Time flies when we are having fun. We
are always having fun. |
Rule 15 | If the subject does not appear in front of the second verb,
do not use a comma. | Example | He thought quickly when asked that difficult question but still did not answer correctly. |
Rule 16 | Use commas to introduce or interrupt direct quotations shorter than three lines. | Examples | He actually said, "I do not care." | "Why," I asked, "do you always forget to do it?" |
Rule 17 | Use a comma to separate a statement from a question. | Example | I can go, can't I? |
Rule 18 | Use a comma to separate contrasting parts of a sentence. | Example | That is my money, not yours. |
Rule 19 | Use a comma when beginning sentences with introductory words such as well, now, or yes. | Examples | Yes, I do need that report. | Well, I never thought I'd live to see the day . . . |
Rule 20 | Use commas surrounding words such as therefore and however when they are used as interruptors. | | Examples | I would, therefore, like a response. | I would be happy, however, to volunteer for the Red Cross. |
Rule 21 | Use either a comma or a semicolon before introductory words such as namely, that is, i.e., for example, e.g., or for instance when they are followed by a series of items. The comma after the introductory word is optional. | Examples | You may be required to bring many items, e.g., sleeping bags, pans, and warm clothing. | You may be required to bring many items; e.g., sleeping bags, pans, and warm clothing. | | | You may be required to bring many items, e.g. sleeping bags, pans, and warm clothing. | | NOTE: | i.e. means that is
e.g. means for example
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[ 本帖最后由 tracy24 于 2007-4-30 05:22 编辑 ] |